Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) have garnered significant interest as an important solution for large-scale energy storage due to their enhanced safety and affordability. Nevertheless, dendrites formation and side reactions faced by Zn anodes have hindered their commercial development. Electrolyte additives, among various methods to stabilize Zn anodes, have emerged as the most commercially viable technique due to their low dosage and potent effects, offering substantial economic benefits. While massive literature reviews have explored strategies for comprehensive Zn anode stabilization, there remains a lack of systematic investigation into electrolyte additives. This review commences by addressing the challenges and root causes faced by Zn anodes, providing essential context for understanding the significance of electrolyte additives. It then proceeds to offer an overview of characterization techniques applied in the analysis of electrolyte additives mechanism. Subsequently, the review provides a comprehensive examination of the various types of electrolyte additives and their respective mechanisms. Lastly, the review outlines potential future developments and challenges in this field, with the hope that it will facilitate in-depth and tangible research to promote commercialization.

中文翻译：

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绘制用于稳定水系锌离子电池中锌阳极的电解质添加剂的设计

水性锌离子电池（ZIB）由于其增强的安全性和经济性而作为大规模储能的重要解决方案引起了人们的极大兴趣。然而，锌阳极面临的枝晶形成和副反应阻碍了其商业发展。在稳定锌阳极的各种方法中，电解质添加剂因其剂量低和效果强而成为最具商业可行性的技术，可提供可观的经济效益。虽然大量文献综述探索了锌阳极综合稳定的策略，但仍然缺乏对电解质添加剂的系统研究。本综述首先解决了锌阳极面临的挑战和根本原因，为理解电解质添加剂的重要性提供了必要的背景。然后概述了应用于电解质添加剂机理分析的表征技术。随后，综述对各种类型的电解液添加剂及其各自的机制进行了全面检查。最后，该综述概述了该领域未来潜在的发展和挑战，希望能够促进深入和切实的研究以促进商业化。