Objective: We examine age heterogamy in the United States and its associations with other partnership characteristics following the nationwide legalization of same-sex marriage in 2015. Methods: We use American Community Survey data for 2017–2021 to examine age gaps in over 3.3 million couples, differentiating by couple gender composition (man-man, man-woman, woman-woman) and marital status (cohabiting, married). We estimate the prevalence of age heterogamy and how it correlates with education, income, and race/ethnicity differences between partners. Results: The prevalence of age heterogamy and its associations with other partner differences vary by couple gender composition and marital status. Man-man couples have higher rates of age heterogamy than man-woman and woman-woman couples; over three in ten man-man couples had age gaps of at least eight years between partners, with no difference by marital status. Age heterogamy was less common among married than cohabiting man-woman couples. For most couple types, educational and income differences between partners were more common among age-heterogamous partnerships. The prevalence of interracial/interethnic partnerships was higher among age-heterogamous married man-man and man-woman couples but not for woman-woman couples. Contribution: Man-man couples have higher rates of age heterogamy, and partner differences related to education, income, and race/ethnicity are tied to age heterogamy for man-man couples more strongly than for other couple types. Partnering patterns for man-man couples are distinct from other couple types.

中文翻译：

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年龄异性伴侣关系：按婚姻状况和性别构成划分的患病率和伴侣差异（作者：Tony Silva、Christine Percheski）

目的：我们研究了 2015 年同性婚姻在全国范围内合法化后美国的年龄异配偶及其与其他伙伴关系特征的关联。方法：我们使用 2017-2021 年美国社区调查数据来研究超过 330 万对夫妇的年龄差距，按夫妻性别构成（男人-男人、男人-女人、女人-女人）和婚姻状况（同居、已婚）进行区分。我们估计了年龄异配偶的流行程度，以及它与伴侣之间的教育、收入和种族/民族差异的关系。结果：年龄异配偶的患病率及其与其他伴侣差异的关联因夫妻性别构成和婚姻状况而异。男女伴侣的年龄异婚率高于男女伴侣和女性伴侣；超过十分之三的男女伴侣之间的年龄差距至少为八岁，而且婚姻状况没有差异。与同居男女相比，年龄异婚在已婚夫妇中较少见。对于大多数夫妻类型来说，伴侣之间的教育和收入差异在年龄异性伴侣关系中更为常见。跨种族/族裔伴侣关系在年龄不同的已婚男女和男女伴侣中较高，但在女性伴侣中则不然。贡献：男女伴侣的年龄异婚率较高，与教育、收入和种族/民族相关的伴侣差异与男女伴侣的年龄异婚关系比其他夫妇类型更紧密。男女情侣的伴侣模式与其他情侣类型不同。