The widespread use of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) is driven by their self-emission, vivid colours, and efficiency, while achieving optimal thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) performance requires specific molecular characteristics such as low singlet–triplet energy gap (ΔE_ST) and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). In this work, three color tunable D–π–A–π–D type skeleton TADF compounds, namely, 2,3-bis(4-(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline (tCz-DPPN), 2,3-bis(4-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)phenyl)pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline (Ac-DPPN), and 2,3-bis(4-(10H-phenoxazin-10-yl)phenyl)pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline (PXZ-DPPN), based on the pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline acceptor were synthesized. Comprehensive photophysical studies of these compounds not only showed wonderful colour tuning from sky blue to yellow due to different donors, but also aggregation induced emission (AIE) properties. Among the three TADF emitters, PXZ-DPPN emitter doped OLED fabricated with the vacuum-deposition method exhibited emission in the yellow-orange region with a maximum EQE of 20.1% and Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.49, 0.50), while Ac-DPPN and tCz-DPPN were found to exhibit green and sky-blue emissions with EQE values of 5.8% and 1.7% and CIE coordinates of (0.28, 0.52) and (0.15, 0.23) respectively.

中文翻译：

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用于高效有机发光二极管的具有 AIE 特性的吡嗪并[2,3-f][1,10]菲咯啉基颜色可调热激活延迟荧光发射器

有机发光二极管 (OLED) 的广泛使用是由其自发射、鲜艳的色彩和效率驱动的，而实现最佳的热激活延迟荧光 (TADF) 性能需要特定的分子特性，例如低单线态 - 三线态能隙 (Δ E _ST）和高光致发光量子产率（PLQY）。在这项工作中，三种颜色可调的D–π–A–π–D型骨架TADF化合物，即2,3-bis(4-(3,6-di- tert-丁基-9 H -carbazol-9-yl) )苯基)吡嗪基[2,3- f ][1,10]菲咯啉 ( t Cz-DPPN ), 2,3-双(4-(9,9-二甲基吖啶-10(9 H )-基)苯基)吡嗪基[2,3- f ][1,10]菲咯啉 ( Ac-DPPN ) 和 2,3-双(4-(10 H-吩恶嗪-10-基)苯基)吡嗪基[2,3- f ][1合成了基于吡嗪并[2,3- f ][1,10]菲咯啉受体的,10]菲咯啉( PXZ-DPPN )。对这些化合物的综合光物理研究不仅显示出由于不同的供体而从天蓝色到黄色的美妙颜色调节，而且还显示出聚集诱导发射（AIE）特性。在三种 TADF 发射体中，采用真空沉积法制造的PXZ-DPPN发射体掺杂 OLED 表现出黄橙色区域的发射，最大 EQE 为 20.1%，国际照明委员会 (CIE) 坐标为 (0.49, 0.50) ），而Ac-DPPN和t Cz-DPPN则表现出绿色和天蓝色发射，EQE值分别为5.8％和1.7％，CIE坐标分别为（0.28，0.52）和（0.15，0.23）。