The treatment of infected wounds poses a formidable challenge in clinical practice due to the detrimental effects of uncontrolled bacterial infection and excessive oxidative stress, resulting in prolonged inflammation and impaired wound healing. In this study, we presented a MXene@TiO (MT) nanosheets loaded composite hydrogel named as GA/OKGM/MT hydrogel, which was formed based on the Schiff base reaction between adipic dihydrazide modified gelatin (GA)and Oxidized Konjac Glucomannan (OKGM), as the wound dressing. During the hemostasis phase, the GA/OKGM/MT hydrogel demonstrated effective adherence to the skin, facilitating rapid hemostasis. In the subsequent inflammation phase, the GA/OKGM/MT hydrogel effectively eradicated bacteria through MXene@TiO-induced photothermal therapy (PTT) and eliminated excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby facilitating the transition from the inflammation phase to the proliferation phase. During the proliferation phase, the combined application of GA/OKGM/MT hydrogel with electrical stimulation (ES) promoted fibroblast proliferation and migration, leading to accelerated collagen deposition and angiogenesis at the wound site. Overall, the comprehensive repair strategy based on the GA/OKGM/MT hydrogel demonstrated both safety and reliability. It expedited the progression through the hemostasis, inflammation, and proliferation phases of wound healing, showcasing significant potential for the treatment of infected wounds.

中文翻译：

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从止血到增殖：通过基于负载 MXene@TiO2 纳米片的 GA/OKGM 水凝胶的综合修复策略加速感染伤口愈合

由于不受控制的细菌感染和过度氧化应激的有害影响，导致长期炎症和伤口愈合受损，感染伤口的治疗在临床实践中提出了巨大的挑战。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种负载MXene@TiO（MT）纳米片的复合水凝胶，命名为GA/OKGM/MT水凝胶，它是基于己二酸二酰肼改性明胶（GA）和氧化魔芋葡甘聚糖（OKGM）之间的席夫碱反应形成的，作为伤口敷料。在止血阶段，GA/OKGM/MT水凝胶表现出与皮肤的有效粘附，促进快速止血。在随后的炎症阶段，GA/OKGM/MT水凝胶通过MXene@TiO诱导的光热疗法（PTT）有效消灭细菌，并消除过量的活性氧（ROS），从而促进从炎症阶段向增殖阶段的转变。在增殖阶段，GA/OKGM/MT水凝胶与电刺激（ES）的联合应用促进成纤维细胞增殖和迁移，导致伤口部位胶原蛋白沉积和血管生成加速。总体而言，基于 GA/OKGM/MT 水凝胶的综合修复策略证明了安全性和可靠性。它加速了伤口愈合的止血、炎症和增殖阶段的进展，显示出治疗感染伤口的巨大潜力。