In recent years, the production of economically important crustaceans, and decapods in inland saline areas has increased considerably. The osmoregulatory capacity of these decapods renders them culturable in wide salinity ranges, contributing to a global industry valued at billions of dollars. Therefore, gaining insights into the fundamental mechanisms that drive the adaptive capacity of crustaceans to thrive in diverse salinity ranges is essential. This comprehensive review paper unveils the pivotal adaptations of decapods that allow them to flourish in diverse salinities, ranging from freshwater to saline waters. This article discusses the molecular mechanisms of osmoregulation in decapod crustaceans with more emphasis on Litopenaeus vannammei. Moreover, the importance of maintaining an ideal osmotic balance for efficient digestion and nutrient absorption in L. vannamei is discussed. Furthermore, the effect of salinity on disease resistance in these species is explored, highlighting the need for effective disease management in aquaculture. Overall, this review explores the multifaceted factors influencing decapod crustaceans' adaptation to shifting salinities and also emphasizes the ongoing need for continued research in this domain.

中文翻译：

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养殖十足甲壳类动物对盐度变化的适应：生理反应、分子机制和疾病影响

近年来，内陆盐碱地经济上重要的甲壳类和十足目动物的产量大幅增加。这些十足目动物的渗透调节能力使它们可以在广泛的盐度范围内养殖，为价值数十亿美元的全球产业做出了贡献。因此，深入了解驱动甲壳类动物适应能力在不同盐度范围内繁衍生息的基本机制至关重要。这篇综合综述论文揭示了十足目动物的关键适应能力，这些适应能力使它们能够在从淡水到咸水的不同盐度下繁衍生息。本文讨论了十足目甲壳类动物渗透压调节的分子机制，重点讨论了南美白对虾。此外，保持理想的渗透平衡对于有效消化和营养吸收非常重要L。南美白对虾正在讨论。此外，还探讨了盐度对这些物种抗病性的影响，强调了水产养殖中有效疾病管理的必要性。总的来说，这篇综述探讨了影响十足目甲壳类动物适应盐度变化的多方面因素，并强调了该领域持续研究的必要性。