Background:Qualitative movement screening tools provide a practical method of assessing mechanical patterns associated with potential injury development. Biomechanics play a role in hamstring strain injury and are recommended as a consideration within injury screening and rehabilitation programs. However, no methods are available for the in-field assessment of sprint running mechanics associated with hamstring strain injuries.Purpose:To investigate the intra- and interrater reliability of a novel screening tool assessing in-field sprint running mechanics titled the Sprint Mechanics Assessment Score (S-MAS) and present normative S-MAS data to facilitate the interpretation of performance standards for future assessment uses.Study Design:Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3.Methods:Maximal sprint running trials (35 m) were recorded from 136 elite soccer players using a slow-motion camera. All videos were scored using the S-MAS by a single assessor. Videos from 36 players (18 men and 18 women) were rated by 2 independent assessors blinded to each other's results to establish interrater reliability. One assessor scored all videos in a randomized order 1 week later to establish intrarater reliability. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) based on single measures using a 2-way mixed-effects model, with absolute agreement with 95% CI and kappa coefficients with percentage agreements, were used to assess the reliability of the overall score and individual score items, respectively. T-scores were calculated from the means and standard deviations of the male and female groups to present normative data values. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to assess between-sex differences and between-limb differences, respectively.Results:The S-MAS showed good intrarater (ICC, 0.828 [95% CI, 0.688-0.908]) and interrater (ICC, 0.799 [95% CI, 0.642-0.892]) reliability, with a standard error of measurement of 1 point. Kappa coefficients for individual score items demonstrated moderate to substantial intra- and interrater agreement for most parameters, with percentage agreements ranging from 75% to 88.8% for intrarater and 66.6% to 88.8% for interrater reliability. No significant sex differences were observed for overall scores, with mean values of 4.2 and 3.8 for men and women, respectively ( P = .27).Conclusion:The S-MAS is a new tool developed for assessing sprint running mechanics associated with lower limb injuries in male and female soccer players. The reliable and easy-to-use nature of the S-MAS means that this method can be integrated into practice, potentially aiding future injury screening and research looking to identify athletes who may demonstrate mechanical patterns potentially associated with hamstring strain injuries.

中文翻译：

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冲刺力学评估分数：用于冲刺跑步力学现场评估的定性筛选工具

背景：定性运动筛查工具提供了一种评估与潜在损伤发展相关的机械模式的实用方法。生物力学在腿筋拉伤中发挥着重要作用，建议作为损伤筛查和康复计划中的考虑因素。然而，没有方法可用于对与腘绳肌拉伤相关的冲刺跑力学进行现场评估。 目的：研究一种名为“冲刺力学评估分数”的新型筛选工具的内部和组间可靠性，该工具用于评估现场冲刺跑力学(S-MAS) 并呈现规范性 S-MAS 数据，以便于解释未来评估用途的绩效标准。 研究设计：队列研究（诊断）；证据级别，3。方法：使用慢动作摄像机记录 136 名精英足球运动员的最大冲刺跑试验（35 m）。所有视频均由一名评估员使用 S-MAS 进行评分。来自 36 名玩家（18 名男性和 18 名女性）的视频由 2 名独立评估员进行评分，他们对彼此的结果不知情，以建立参与者之间的可靠性。 1 周后，一名评估员以随机顺序对所有视频进行评分，以确定评估者内部的可靠性。基于使用 2 路混合效应模型的单一测量的组内相关系数 (ICC)（与 95% CI 绝对一致）和 kappa 系数与百分比一致，分别用于评估总分和单项评分项目的可靠性。 T 分数是根据男性和女性组的平均值和标准差计算得出的，以呈现规范数据值。 Mann-Whitney U 检验和 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验分别用于评估性别间差异和肢体间差异。 结果：S-MAS 显示出良好的评估者内（ICC，0.828 [95% CI，0.688-0.908） ]) 和 Interterter (ICC, 0.799 [95% CI, 0.642-0.892]) 可靠性，测量标准误差为 1 点。各个评分项目的 Kappa 系数显示，大多数参数在评估者内部和评估者之间具有中等至显着的一致性，评估者内的一致性百分比范围为 75% 至 88.8%，评估者间可靠性的一致性百分比范围为 66.6% 至 88.8%。总分没有观察到显着的性别差异，男性和女性的平均值分别为 4.2 和 3.8 ( P = .27)。 结论：S-MAS 是一种为评估与下肢相关的冲刺跑力学而开发的新工具男性和女性足球运动员受伤。 S-MAS 可靠且易于使用的特性意味着该方法可以融入实践，可能有助于未来的损伤筛查和研究，以识别可能表现出与腿筋拉伤相关的机械模式的运动员。