In recent years, low-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide (TMC) materials have garnered growing research attention due to their superior electronic, optical, and catalytic properties compared to their bulk counterparts. The controllable synthesis and manipulation of these materials are crucial for tailoring their properties and unlocking their full potential in various applications. In this context, the atomic substitution method has emerged as a favorable approach. It involves the replacement of specific atoms within TMC structures with other elements and possesses the capability to regulate the compositions finely, crystal structures, and inherent properties of the resulting materials. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview on various strategies of atomic substitution employed in the synthesis of zero-dimensional, one-dimensional and two-dimensional TMC materials. The effects of substituting elements, substitution ratios, and substitution positions on the structures and morphologies of resulting material are discussed. The enhanced electrocatalytic performance and photovoltaic properties of the obtained materials are also provided, emphasizing the role of atomic substitution in achieving these advancements. Finally, challenges and future prospects in the field of atomic substitution for fabricating low-dimensional TMC materials are summarized.

近年来，低维过渡金属硫族化物（TMC）材料因其比块体材料更优越的电子、光学和催化性能而受到越来越多的研究关注。这些材料的可控合成和操纵对于调整其性能并释放其在各种应用中的全部潜力至关重要。在这种背景下，原子替代方法成为一种有利的方法。它涉及用其他元素替换TMC结构中的特定原子，并具有精细调节所得材料的成分、晶体结构和固有性质的能力。在这篇综述中，我们全面概述了零维、一维和二维 TMC 材料合成中采用的各种原子取代策略。讨论了取代元素、取代比例和取代位置对所得材料的结构和形貌的影响。还提供了所获得的材料的增强的电催化性能和光伏性能，强调了原子取代在实现这些进步中的作用。最后，总结了原子替代制造低维TMC材料领域的挑战和未来前景。