The efficiency of deep aerated vertical flow constructed wetlands (DA-VFCWs) being operated in Hyderabad, India, was evaluated herein using physicochemical analysis and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The results showed 2–4-fold higher removal rate coefficients for Biochemical oxygen demand (1.32–––3.53 m/d) and nitrogen (0.88––1.36 m/d) in DA-VFCWs than those of passive VFCWs. Elevated sulfate concentration in the DA-VFCWs effluent (84–113 mg/L) indicated possibility of sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification (SDAD) as a major pathway operating in these wetlands besides the classical nitrogen removal pathways. The presence of nitrifiers (3.09–10.02 %), heterotrophic and aerobic denitrifiers (0.79–0.83 %), anammox bacteria (1.31–2.22 %) and SDAD bacteria (0.08–0.73 %) in the biofilm samples collected from the DA-VFCWs exemplify an interplay of Carbon-Nitrogen-Sulfur cycles in these systems. If proven, the presence of an operational SDAD pathway in DA-VFCWs can help reduce surface area requirement in VFCWs substantially besides alleviating biological clogging of the wetland substrate.

中文翻译：

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通过 CNS 循环处理污水的曝气 VFCW 具有高脱氮率

本文使用物理化学分析和 16S rRNA 扩增子测序对印度海得拉巴运行的深层通气垂直流人工湿地 (DA-VFCW) 的效率进行了评估。结果显示，DA-VFCW 的生化需氧量 (1.32–––3.53 m/d) 和氮 (0.88––1.36 m/d) 去除率系数比被动 VFCW 高 2–4 倍。 DA-VFCWs 废水中硫酸盐浓度升高（84–113 mg/L）表明硫驱动的自养反硝化（SDAD）可能是这些湿地除经典脱氮途径之外的主要途径。从 DA-VFCW 收集的生物膜样品中存在硝化菌 (3.09–10.02 %)、异养和好氧反硝化菌 (0.79–0.83 %)、厌氧氨氧化菌 (1.31–2.22 %) 和 SDAD 细菌 (0.08–0.73 %)。这些系统中碳-氮-硫循环的相互作用。如果得到证实，DA-VFCW 中运行的 SDAD 途径的存在除了可以减轻湿地基质的生物堵塞之外，还可以帮助大幅减少 VFCW 的表面积需求。