This review presents a state-of-the-art of geochemical, geomechanical, and hydrodynamic modelling studies in the Underground Hydrogen Storage (UHS) domain. Geochemical modelling assessed the reactivity of hydrogen and res pective fluctuations in hydrogen losses using kinetic reaction rates, rock mineralogy, brine salinity, and the integration of hydrogen redox reactions. Existing geomechanics studies offer an array of coupled hydro-mechanical models, suggesting a decline in rock failure during the withdrawal phase in aquifers compared to injection phase. Hydrodynamic modelling evaluations indicate the critical importance of relative permeability hysteresis in determining the UHS performance. Solubility and diffusion of hydrogen gas appear to have minimal impact on UHS. Injection and production rates, cushion gas deployment, and reservoir heterogeneity however significantly affect the UHS performance, stressing the need for thorough modelling and experimental studies.

中文翻译：

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地下储氢建模：对基本方法和研究结果的最先进回顾

这篇综述介绍了地下储氢 (UHS) 领域最先进的地球化学、地质力学和流体动力学建模研究。地球化学模型利用动力学反应速率、岩石矿物学、盐水盐度和氢氧化还原反应的积分来评估氢的反应性和氢损失的相应波动。现有的地质力学研究提供了一系列耦合的流体力学模型，表明与注入阶段相比，含水层抽取阶段的岩石破坏有所减少。流体动力学模型评估表明相对渗透率滞后在确定 UHS 性能方面至关重要。氢气的溶解度和扩散似乎对 UHS 的影响很小。然而，注入和生产率、缓冲气部署和储层非均质性显着影响 UHS 性能，强调需要进行彻底的建模和实验研究。