Achieving a high sensitivity of sensors over a wide linear range is crucial for practical applications. Introducing various micronano topologies is the most effective approach to enhance sensor sensitivity. Unfortunately, due to the size effect, the surface structure is prone to deformation and saturation under pressure, limiting sensitivity to a narrow range and hindering broader applications. Additionally, few of the recently developed sensors with wide sensing ranges have been able to achieve the high sensitivity levels provided by micronano topological structures. The achievement of an effective trade-off between high sensitivity and a wide sensing range still presents significant challenges. In this study, a versatile strategy is proposed to design a high-sensitivity flexible pressure sensor with an improved sensing range. A cost-effective and adjustable wire mesh is utilized to introduce microstructures while constructing a hierarchically reinforced structure, effectively combining porous and surface microstructures. Hybrid carbon nanofibers and graphene serve as conductive materials to further enhance the performance. The sensor demonstrates a high sensitivity of −1.12 kPa^–1 and extends the sensing range to nearly 3.9 times (0–853 Pa) compared to sensors with only microstructures (0–220 Pa). Moreover, it exhibits a response speed comparable to that of the human body (26 and 33 ms) and a high durability (4000 cycles). The sensor showcases excellent signal response to high-pressure movements (finger bending and wrist bending) and low-pressure breathing movements, holding promising potential for motion monitoring and information encryption applications.

中文翻译：

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基于分层结构、增强传感范围的高灵敏度碳纳米纤维/石墨烯/聚二甲基硅氧烷柔性压力传感器

在较宽的线性范围内实现传感器的高灵敏度对于实际应用至关重要。引入各种微纳拓扑是提高传感器灵敏度的最有效方法。不幸的是，由于尺寸效应，表面结构在压力下容易变形和饱和，将灵敏度限制在较窄的范围内，阻碍了更广泛的应用。此外，最近开发的具有宽传感范围的传感器很少能够达到微纳米拓扑结构所提供的高灵敏度水平。在高灵敏度和宽传感范围之间实现有效平衡仍然面临着重大挑战。在本研究中，提出了一种通用策略来设计具有改进的传感范围的高灵敏度柔性压力传感器。利用经济高效且可调节的丝网引入微结构，同时构建分层增强结构，有效地将多孔和表面微结构结合起来。混合碳纳米纤维和石墨烯作为导电材料进一步增强性能。与仅具有微结构的传感器（0-220 Pa）相比，该传感器表现出-1.12 kPa ^–1的高灵敏度，并将传感范围扩展至近3.9倍（0-853 Pa）。此外，它还表现出与人体相当的响应速度（26和33毫秒）和高耐用性（4000次循环）。该传感器对高压运动（手指弯曲和手腕弯曲）和低压呼吸运动表现出出色的信号响应，在运动监测和信息加密应用中具有广阔的潜力。