The basolateral amygdala (BLA) mediates both fear and reward learning.^1,2 Previous work has shown that parvalbumin (PV) interneurons in the BLA contribute to BLA oscillatory states integral to fear expression.^3,4,5,6,7 However, despite it being critical to our understanding of reward behaviors, it is unknown whether BLA oscillatory states and PV interneurons similarly contribute to reward processing. Local field potentials in the BLA were collected as male and female mice consumed sucrose reward, where prominent changes in the beta band (15–30 Hz) emerged with reward experience. During consumption of one water bottle during a two-water-bottle choice test, rhythmic optogenetic stimulation of BLA PVs produced a robust bottle preference, showing that PVs can sufficiently drive reward seeking. Finally, to demonstrate that PV activity is necessary for reward value use, PVs were chemogenetically inhibited following outcome devaluation, rendering mice incapable of using updated reward representations to guide their behavior. Taken together, these experiments provide novel information about the physiological signatures of reward while highlighting BLA PV interneuron contributions to behaviors that are BLA dependent. This work builds upon established knowledge of PV involvement in fear expression and provides evidence that PV orchestration of unique BLA network states is involved in both learning types.

基底外侧杏仁核（BLA）介导恐惧学习和奖励学习。^{1 , 2}先前的工作表明，BLA 中的小清蛋白 (PV) 中间神经元有助于 BLA 振荡状态，而 BLA 振荡状态是恐惧表达不可或缺的一部分。^{3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7}然而，尽管 BLA 振荡状态和 PV 中间神经元对我们理解奖励行为至关重要，但尚不清楚 BLA 振荡状态和 PV 中间神经元是否同样有助于奖励处理。当雄性和雌性小鼠消耗蔗糖奖励时，收集 BLA 中的局部场电位，其中随着奖励体验出现β带（15-30 Hz）的显着变化。在两瓶水选择测试中消耗一个水瓶期间，BLA PV 的节律性光遗传学刺激产生了强烈的瓶子偏好，表明 PV 可以充分驱动奖励寻求。最后，为了证明 PV 活动对于奖励价值的使用是必要的，PV 在结果贬值后受到化学遗传学抑制，使小鼠无法使用更新的奖励表示来指导其行为。总而言之，这些实验提供了有关奖励生理特征的新颖信息，同时强调了 BLA PV 中间神经元对 BLA 依赖性行为的贡献。这项工作建立在 PV 参与恐惧表达的既定知识的基础上，并提供了证据表明独特的 BLA 网络状态的 PV 编排涉及两种学习类型。