Additive manufacturing has been widely used for producing porous titanium orthopedic implants. However, the higher surface area inherent to porous structures increases the risk of bacterial colonization. In this work, composite scaffolds with dual functions of the antibacterial and osteogenesis promotion properties are developed. The porous titanium is fabricated using a selective laser melting process to provide mechanical support. Silk fibrin (SF) sponge‐loading gentamicin and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are prepared in the pores of the porous titanium. The developed composite scaffolds are investigated for their antibacterial and osteogenesis effects. The samples exhibit well antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The samples also show good cytocompatibility, effectively promoting the adhesion and proliferation of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs). EVs significantly promote the expression of osteogenesis‐related genes in rBMCSs and the superior extracellular matrix mineralization reveals that EVs have a remarkable role in enhancing osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, the composite scaffolds with dual functions of antibacterial and osteogenesis promotion properties have excellent potential for orthopedic implant applications.

中文翻译：

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负载庆大霉素和小细胞外囊泡的多孔钛/SF海绵复合支架可改善抗菌和成骨性能

增材制造已广泛用于生产多孔钛骨科植入物。然而，多孔结构固有的较高表面积增加了细菌定植的风险。在这项工作中，开发了具有抗菌和促进成骨双重功能的复合支架。多孔钛采用选择性激光熔化工艺制造，以提供机械支撑。在多孔钛的孔中制备负载庆大霉素的丝纤维蛋白（SF）海绵和细胞外囊泡（EV）。研究了所开发的复合支架的抗菌和成骨作用。样品表现出良好的抗菌活性大肠杆菌。样品还表现出良好的细胞相容性，有效促进骨髓间充质干细胞（rBMSCs）的粘附和增殖。 EVs显着促进rBMCS中成骨相关基因的表达，并且优异的细胞外基质矿化表明EVs在增强成骨分化方面具有显着作用。因此，具有抗菌和促进成骨双重功能的复合支架在骨科植入物应用中具有良好的潜力。