Porous activated carbons prepared by green trace KCO-assisted CO, HO, and CO/HO activated high-alkali Zhundong coal are being employed as supercapacitor electrode materials. Effects of trace KCO (2 wt% of carbon precursor) and gas composition on physicochemical structure, the morphology and supercapacitor properties of the active carbon are investigated in detail. The results are showing that activated carbon from trace KCO-assisted CO activation exhibited excellent performance, indicating that CO and KCO have synergistic effect in the activation process. It is mainly due to the higher O content in CO/N atmosphere and promotion by K of O transfer from CO to the carbon matrix, which produces more active sites. Trace KCO-assisted CO activated carbon forms a forked hierarchical pore structure, more oxygen-containing functional groups, increases surface free energy of porous carbon, more potassium-containing group structures, and excellent graphitization of amorphous carbon compared with the other carbons. Its corresponding electrode and symmetrical supercapacitor achieve specific capacitance of 277.7 and 114.5 F g, respectively. The energy density is 10.54 Wh kg at 209.98 W kg and the material retained 95.89% after 10 000 cycles. A novel method of green trace KCO-assisted CO activation of high-alkali Zhundong coal is proposed for high-performance supercapacitors.

中文翻译：

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准东煤绿色微量K2CO3与CO2活化对高性能超级电容器的协同作用

由绿色微量KCO辅助CO、H2O和CO/H2O活化高碱准东煤制备的多孔活性炭正被用作超级电容器电极材料。详细研究了微量 KCO（碳前驱体的 2 wt%）和气体成分对活性炭的物理化学结构、形态和超级电容器性能的影响。结果表明，微量KCO辅助CO活化得到的活性炭表现出优异的性能，表明CO和KCO在活化过程中具有协同作用。这主要是由于CO/N气氛中O含量较高，并且K促进O从CO转移到碳基体，从而产生更多的活性位点。与其他碳相比，微量KCO辅助CO活性炭形成叉状分级孔结构，含氧官能团较多，多孔碳的表面自由能增加，含钾基团结构较多，无定形碳的石墨化性能优异。其相应的电极和对称超级电容器的比电容分别达到277.7和114.5 F g。能量密度为 10.54 Wh kg（209.98 W kg），材料在 10 000 次循环后保留率为 95.89%。提出了一种绿色微量KCO辅助CO活化高碱准东煤的高性能超级电容器的新方法。