Rechargeable sodium-selenium (Na–Se) batteries have captured extensive attention in energy-storage systems due to their attractive power density, excellent conductivity, and security. Optimizing battery components and mechanistic investigations serve as crucial roles in realizing the advancements of Na–Se batteries. Thus, the reaction mechanisms and representative research progress of Na–Se batteries have been explored in this work. An impressive array of advances in the fields of cathode materials designing, electrolyte optimization, and functional separators construction are discussed specifically. In addition, a delicate division of design routes focusing on cathode materials, including C/Se composites, metal-compounds incorporated cathodes, and catalytic electrode approaches, is provided, and their core design concepts are summarized. In the end, the challenges and future development direction of Na–Se batteries are shed light on in this review to promote their wide utilization.

中文翻译：

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可充电钠硒电池的最新进展：迷你回顾

可充电钠硒（Na-Se）电池因其具有吸引力的功率密度、优异的导电性和安全性而在储能系统中引起了广泛关注。优化电池组件和机理研究对于实现钠硒电池的进步至关重要。因此，本工作探讨了Na-Se电池的反应机制和代表性研究进展。具体讨论了正极材料设计、电解质优化和功能性隔膜构造领域的一系列令人印象深刻的进展。此外，还对阴极材料的设计路线进行了细致的划分，包括碳/硒复合材料、金属化合物结合阴极和催化电极方法，并总结了它们的核心设计理念。最后，本文阐述了钠硒电池面临的挑战和未来的发展方向，以促进其广泛应用。