Maize mutants of the centromeric histone H3 (CENP-A/CENH3) gene can form haploids that inherit only chromosomes of the pollinating parent but the cytoplasm from the female parent. We developed CENH3 haploid inducers carrying a dominant anthocyanin colour marker for efficient haploid identification and harbouring cytoplasmic male sterile cytoplasm, a type of cytoplasm that results in male sterility useful for efficient hybrid seed production. The resulting cytoplasmic male sterility cyto-swapping method provides a faster and cheaper way to convert commercial lines to cytoplasmic male sterile compared to conventional trait introgression.

玉米着丝粒组蛋白 H3 ( CENP-A / CENH3 ) 基因突变体可以形成单倍体，该单倍体仅继承授粉亲本的染色体，但继承母本的细胞质。我们开发了CENH3单倍体诱导剂，其携带显性花青素颜色标记，用于有效单倍体鉴定，并含有细胞质雄性不育细胞质，这是一种导致雄性不育的细胞质，可用于有效的杂交种子生产。与传统的性状渗入相比，由此产生的细胞质雄性不育细胞交换方法提供了一种更快、更便宜的方式将商业品系转化为细胞质雄性不育。