The impact of human activities and social industrialization on the marine environment and aquatic life cannot be underestimated. By utilizing information transmission intermediates such as underwater wearable sensors, it is possible to promptly and precisely assess the state of the marine environment, as well as the behavior of biological populations, thereby ensuring accurate protection of the marine ecology. Flexible electronic tags maintain accurate monitoring performance while addressing the biocompatibility of sensors. When the tag is attached to an organism's surface or implanted in the body, it can perform real‐time monitoring, providing valuable insights into their biology and behavior. At the same time, allow them to attach to the animal without causing injury or disruption to their inherent behavior. In this paper, implantable electronic tags and wearable flexible sensing systems are examined while exploring their potential applications in this field. The review discusses four aspects of these systems: physical information monitoring in the marine environments, chemical information monitoring in the marine environments, physiological information monitoring in animals, and biochemical information monitoring in animals. Finally, the article explores upcoming challenges and trends in the development of implantable electronic tags and wearable, flexible sensors for aquatic animals.

中文翻译：

---

水生动物可穿戴柔性传感器和植入式生物标签的最新进展

人类活动和社会工业化对海洋环境和水生生物的影响不可低估。利用水下可穿戴传感器等信息传输中间体，可以及时、准确地评估海洋环境状况以及生物种群的行为，从而确保海洋生态的准确保护。灵活的电子标签保持准确的监测性能，同时解决传感器的生物相容性问题。当标签附着在生物体表面或植入体内时，它可以进行实时监测，为它们的生物学和行为提供有价值的见解。同时，让它们附着在动物身上，而不会造成伤害或破坏其固有行为。本文对植入式电子标签和可穿戴柔性传感系统进行了研究，同时探索了它们在该领域的潜在应用。该综述讨论了这些系统的四个方面：海洋环境中的物理信息监测、海洋环境中的化学信息监测、动物的生理信息监测和动物的生化信息监测。最后，本文探讨了水生动物植入式电子标签和可穿戴柔性传感器开发中即将面临的挑战和趋势。