The addition of organic matter is crucial for achieving successful reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) for flue-cured tobacco cultivation. However, the effects of diverse organic materials and their application rates on soil-borne disease control and yield enhancement remain poorly understood. To address this, field experiments were conducted at two sites. Two organic materials, G and D, were employed with varying application rates (CK, G/D0.8, G/D1.0, and G/D1.2). The results demonstrated that adding these organic materials enhanced soil physicochemical properties, including pH, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, and the C/N ratio. Furthermore, the relative abundance of and spp., with associated soil-borne diseases, was significantly reduced. Particularly, the G1.2 treatment exhibited a remarkable reduction in the relative abundance of the two pathogenic bacteria by over 20% at both experimental sites. Moreover, this treatment contributed to a reduction in disease incidence by over 21% and severity by over 72%. Increasing the application rates of these organic materials also enhanced nutrient content, agronomic traits, and biomass accumulation of flue-cured tobacco plants, improving the chemical composition of tobacco leaves and economic outcomes in cured-tobacco leaves. Notably, the G1.2 treatment at both experimental sites significantly enhanced the economic indices of tobacco leaves, respectively increasing the yield and output value by 10.6 kg ha and 159.9 US$·ha. Overall, applying 15 t ha (G1.2 treatment) of solid organic material during RSD was the optimal choice for sterilization, elimination of harmful substances, and enhancement of the economic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco.

中文翻译：

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通过在烟草连作的还原性土壤消毒过程中选择高碳氮农业废物来提高土壤性质、土传疾病控制和质量

添加有机物对于成功实现烤烟种植的土壤还原灭虫（RSD）至关重要。然而，各种有机材料及其施用量对土传病害控制和增产的影响仍知之甚少。为了解决这个问题，在两个地点进行了现场实验。两种有机材料 G 和 D 以不同的施用量使用（CK、G/D0.8、G/D1.0 和 G/D1.2）。结果表明，添加这些有机物质增强了土壤理化性质，包括pH、碱氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质和C/N比。此外，与土传疾病相关的 和 spp. 的相对丰度显着降低。特别是，G1.2处理在两个实验地点都表现出两种病原菌的相对丰度显着降低了20%以上。此外，这种治疗使疾病发病率降低了 21% 以上，严重程度降低了 72% 以上。增加这些有机材料的施用量还可以提高烤烟植物的养分含量、农艺性状和生物量积累，改善烟叶的化学成分和烤烟叶的经济效益。值得注意的是，两个试验点的G1.2处理均显着提高了烟叶的经济指数，产量和产值分别增加了10.6公斤·公顷和159.9美元·公顷。总体而言，RSD过程中施用15 t ha（G1.2处理）固体有机材料是杀菌、消除有害物质、增强烤烟经济特性的最佳选择。