Aims:Adolescents living in vulnerable socioeconomic conditions are confronted with tobacco-related health disparities. As school-based interventions appear to be less effective among these youngsters, other approaches are necessary. One promising avenue is youth social work settings that offer sport and recreational activities (SR-settings). SR-settings have been examined as a levering context for health promotion, but evidence regarding smoking prevention is currently lacking.Methods:This study describes the protocol of a non-randomised cluster controlled trial evaluating a smoking prevention intervention for adolescents. At least 24 SR-settings are needed for the intervention and control group. A mixed-method design will be used. Quantitative measures will be used to assess effectiveness, involving validated questionnaires on smoking initiation behaviour and influencing factors (i.e. attitude, self-efficacy, social influence and risk perception). In addition, feasibility will be assessed with regard to intervention fidelity, dose and reach. Data will be collected at baseline, three and nine months following the intervention. To gain deeper understanding on the impact and underlying processes of the intervention, we will conduct qualitative interviews with users (adolescents) and implementers (youth workers within the SR-settings) of the intervention.Conclusions:Conducting this trial will offer novel insights into the effectiveness of a smoking prevention intervention designed for adolescents living in vulnerable socioeconomic conditions. A mixed-method design will enable to measure impact, implementation and underlying processes of the intervention. Overall, this design will enhance our understanding on the suitability of SR-settings as contexts for smoking prevention initiatives targeting hard-to-reach youth. This trial is registered on Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05920772.

中文翻译：

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防止生活在脆弱社会经济条件下的青少年开始吸烟：KickAsh! 干预研究方案

目标：生活在脆弱社会经济条件下的青少年面临着与烟草相关的健康差异。由于以学校为基础的干预措施在这些年轻人中似乎效果较差，因此有必要采取其他方法。一种有前途的途径是提供体育和娱乐活动的青年社会工作环境（SR-环境）。SR-设置已被视为健康促进的杠杆背景，但目前缺乏有关吸烟预防的证据。方法：本研究描述了评估青少年吸烟预防干预措施的非随机整群对照试验的方案。干预组和对照组至少需要 24 个 SR 设置。将使用混合方法设计。将采用定量措施来评估有效性，包括对吸烟开始行为和影响因素（即态度、自我效能、社会影响和风险感知）进行验证的问卷调查。此外，还将评估干预保真度、剂量和范围的可行性。将在干预后的基线、三个月和九个月收集数据。为了更深入地了解干预措施的影响和潜在过程，我们将对干预措施的使用者（青少年）和实施者（SR 环境中的青年工作者）进行定性访谈。结论：进行这项试验将为干预措施提供新颖的见解。为生活在脆弱社会经济条件下的青少年设计的吸烟预防干预措施的有效性。混合方法设计将能够衡量干预措施的影响、实施和基本流程。总体而言，这一设计将增强我们对 SR 环境作为针对难以接触到的青少年的吸烟预防举措的适宜性的理解。该试验已在 ClinicalTrials.gov 上注册：NCT05920772。