Evidence on the health benefits of occupational physical activity (OPA) is inconclusive. We examined the associations of baseline OPA and OPA changes with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality and survival times. This study included prospective and longitudinal data from the MJ Cohort comprising adults over 18 years recruited in 1998–2016. 349,248 adults (177,314 women) with baseline OPA, of whom 105,715 (52,503 women) had 2 OPA measures at 6.3 ± 4.2 (mean ± SD) years apart. Exposures were baseline OPA, OPA changes, and baseline leisure-time physical activity. Over a mean mortality follow-up of 16.2 ± 5.5 years for men and 16.4 ± 5.4 years for women, 11,696 deaths (2033 of CVD and 4631 of cancer causes) in men and 8980 deaths (1475 of CVD and 3689 of cancer causes) in women occurred. Combined moderately heavy/heavy baseline OPA was beneficially associated with all-cause mortality in men (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.93, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.89–0.98 compared to light OPA) and women (HR = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.79–0.93). Over a mean mortality follow-up of 12.5 ± 4.6 years for men and 12.6 ± 4.6 years for women, OPA decreases in men were detrimentally associated (HR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.01–1.33) with all-cause mortality, while OPA increases in women were beneficially (HR = 0.83, 95%CI: 0.70–0.97) associated with the same outcome. Baseline or changes in OPA showed no associations with CVD or cancer mortality. Higher baseline OPA was beneficially associated with all-cause mortality risk in both men and women. Our longitudinal OPA analyses partly confirmed the prospective findings, with some discordance between sex groups.

中文翻译：

---

349,248 名成年人的职业体力活动、全因、心血管疾病和癌症死亡率：MJ 队列的前瞻性和纵向分析

关于职业体力活动（OPA）对健康有益的证据尚无定论。我们检查了基线 OPA 和 OPA 变化与全因疾病、心血管疾病 (CVD) 以及癌症死亡率和生存时间的关联。这项研究包括来自 1998 年至 2016 年招募的 18 岁以上成年人的 MJ 队列的前瞻性和纵向数据。 349,248 名成年人（177,314 名女性）患有基线 OPA，其中 105,715 名（52,503 名女性）有 2 次 OPA 测量，间隔 6.3 ± 4.2（平均值 ± 标准偏差）岁。暴露量包括基线 OPA、OPA 变化和基线休闲时间体力活动。在男性 16.2 ± 5.5 年和女性 16.4 ± 5.4 年的平均死亡率随访中，男性死亡人数为 11,696 人（2033 人死于 CVD，4631 人死于癌症），女性死亡人数为 8980 人（1475 人死于 CVD，3689 人死于癌症）。女性发生。合并中度重度/重度基线 OPA 与男性（多变量调整风险比 (HR) = 0.93，95% 置信区间 (95%CI)：0.89–0.98 与轻度 OPA 相比）和女性（ HR = 0.86，95% CI：0.79–0.93）。在男性 12.5 ± 4.6 年和女性 12.6 ± 4.6 年的平均死亡率随访中，男性 OPA 降低与全因死亡率呈不利相关（HR = 1.16，95%CI：1.01–1.33），而 OPA女性的增加与相同的结果有益（HR = 0.83，95%CI：0.70-0.97）。 OPA 的基线或变化显示与 CVD 或癌症死亡率没有关联。较高的 OPA 基线与男性和女性的全因死亡风险相关。我们的纵向 OPA 分析部分证实了前瞻性研究结果，但性别组之间存在一些不一致。