Abstract

The River Nile is the artery of Egypt, as it presents more than 96% of the municipal, industrial, and irrigation necessities of Egypt. This study was dedicated to providing data about the effect of pollution at six stations on the River Nile at the Rosetta branch during the period from August 2019 to April 2020, using heavy metals analysis and zooplankton as biological indicators. It was found that the average of heavy metals concentration follows the descending order Al > Fe > Mn > Zn > Ni > Co. Most of the heavy metals recorded its highest values at El-Rahawy station. Zooplankton community was represented by 32 species in addition to 4 Meroplanktons. Five groups of zooplankton were recorded, viz. Rotifera (1717 org./L), Protozoa (552 org./L), Cladocera (54 org./L), Nematoda (46 org./L), and other Meroplankton (44 org./L), dominated by Rotifera followed by Protozoa, Cladocera, Nematoda, and other Meroplanktons contributing 71%, 23%, 2%, 2%, and 2%, respectively. The highest average density of total zooplankton was recorded during spring while the lowest was recorded during summer. The highest similarity of (79.12%) was observed between (Site 1) and (Site 5). Almost all diversity indices were conducted and showed its highest values in site 6. The principal component analysis conducted between heavy metals, and zooplankton showed a significant negative correlation was shown for the dominant zooplankton with the heavy metals except with cobalt. Nematoda and the rotifer Brachionus angularis recorded a positive correlation with heavy metals except cobalt.

中文翻译：

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埃及尼罗河三角洲罗塞塔支流区重金属与浮游动物分布及其相互关系的季节评价

摘要

尼罗河是埃及的动脉，埃及96%以上的市政、工业和灌溉必需品都由尼罗河提供。本研究致力于提供2019年8月至2020年4月期间尼罗河罗塞塔支流六个站的污染影响数据，使用重金属分析和浮游动物作为生物指标。结果发现，重金属平均浓度从高到低依次为：Al>Fe>Mn>Zn>Ni>Co。大部分重金属在El-Rahawy站录得最高值。除了 4 种小型浮游生物外，还有 32 种浮游动物群落。记录了五组浮游动物，即。轮虫纲 (1717 org./L)、原生动物 (552 org./L)、枝角纲 (54 org./L)、线虫纲 (46 org./L) 和其他浮游生物 (44 org./L)，以轮虫纲为主其次是原生动物、枝角类、线虫类和其他浮游生物，分别占 71%、23%、2%、2% 和 2%。春季浮游动物总平均密度最高，夏季最低。在（站点 1）和（站点 5）之间观察到最高相似度（79.12%）。几乎所有的多样性指数都进行了测定，并在位点6中显示出最高值。对重金属和浮游动物之间进行的主成分分析表明，优势浮游动物与除钴以外的重金属呈显着负相关。线虫和角轮虫与除钴以外的重金属呈正相关。