This life cycle assessment (LCA) study analyzed the environmental consequences of integrating microalgae-based wastewater treatment into a shrimp farm with recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Microalgae treatment produced <10 % of the system’s freshwater eutrophication potential (FEP), marine eutrophication potential (MEP) and global warming potential, which was dominantly contributed by electricity use. Microalgae treatment performed comparably to activated sludge treatment for FEP reduction, and was more effective in remediating marine eutrophication. Replacing coal in electricity mix, particularly with renewables, reduced the system’s impacts by up to 90–99 %. Performing the LCA based on system expansion generally obtained higher impacts compared to allocation. Utilizing algal biomass for biogas production reduced the MEP; however, production of feed ingredient and biodiesel were not environmentally beneficial. This study proved the use of microalgae for aquaculture wastewater treatment to be environmentally feasible, the results can guide more sustainable RAS operations and design of full-scale microalgae treatment.

中文翻译：

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对虾循环水养殖系统微藻废水处理环境可行性的生命周期评估

这项生命周期评估（LCA）研究分析了将基于微藻的废水处理集成到具有循环水产养殖系统（RAS）的虾场中的环境后果。微藻处理产生的系统淡水富营养化潜力 (FEP)、海洋富营养化潜力 (MEP) 和全球变暖潜力均低于 10%，其中主要由电力使用造成。微藻处理在减少FEP方面的效果与活性污泥处理相当，并且在修复海洋富营养化方面更有效。在电力结构中替代煤炭，特别是使用可再生能源，可将系统的影响降低高达 90-99%。与分配相比，基于系统扩展进行LCA通常会获得更高的影响。利用藻类生物质生产沼气，降低了MEP；然而，饲料原料和生物柴油的生产对环境不利。这项研究证明了利用微藻进行水产养殖废水处理在环境上是可行的，研究结果可以指导更可持续的RAS操作和全面微藻处理的设计。