Photocatalytic hydrogen production is recognized as a promising approach to produce greener hydrogen. The development of next-generation photocatalytic materials aims to enhance photocatalysis efficiency. Perovskite, a third-generation photocatalytic material, has gained interest in photocatalytic water splitting due to its optical stability, structural flexibility, bandgap tunability, and charge transfer efficiency. However, the perovskites are not able to achieve the targeted efficiency. Perovskite-based -scheme heterojunction photocatalysts can enhance efficiency. This review gives special attention to types and the formation of -schemes. In particular, photocatalysts involved in all-solid-state and direct Z-scheme for photocatalytic hydrogen production have been discussed.

中文翻译：

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基于钙钛矿的 Z 型光催化制氢系统

光催化制氢被认为是生产绿色氢气的一种有前途的方法。下一代光催化材料的开发旨在提高光催化效率。钙钛矿是第三代光催化材料，由于其光学稳定性、结构灵活性、带隙可调性和电荷转移效率而在光催化水分解方面引起了人们的兴趣。然而，钙钛矿无法达到目标效率。基于钙钛矿的异质结光催化剂可以提高效率。这篇评论特别关注 -scheme 的类型和形成。特别是，讨论了用于光催化制氢的全固态和直接 Z 型光催化剂。