Hierarchical self-assembly with long-range order above centimeters widely exists in nature. Mimicking similar structures to promote reaction kinetics of electrochemical energy devices is of immense interest, yet remains challenging. Here, we report a bottom-up self-assembly approach to constructing ordered mesoporous nanofibers with a structure resembling vascular bundles via electrospinning. The synthesis involves self-assembling polystyrene (PS) homopolymer, amphiphilic diblock copolymer, and precursors into supramolecular micelles. Elongational dynamics of viscoelastic micelle solution together with fast solvent evaporation during electrospinning cause simultaneous close packing and uniaxial stretching of micelles, consequently producing polymer nanofiber consisting of oriented micelles. The method is versatile for the fabrication of large-scale ordered mesoporous nanofibers with adjustable pore diameter and various compositions such as carbon, SiO2, TiO2 and WO3. The aligned longitudinal mesopores connected side-by-side by tiny pores offer highly exposed active sites and expedite electron/ion transport. The assembled electrodes deliver outstanding performance for lithium metal batteries.

中文翻译：

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模仿锂金属电池维管束的有序介孔纳米纤维

厘米级以上长程有序的分级自组装在自然界中广泛存在。模仿类似的结构来促进电化学能源装置的反应动力学引起了极大的兴趣，但仍然具有挑战性。在这里，我们报告了一种自下而上的自组装方法，通过静电纺丝构建具有类似于维管束结构的有序介孔纳米纤维。该合成涉及将聚苯乙烯（PS）均聚物、两亲性二嵌段共聚物和前体自组装成超分子胶束。粘弹性胶束溶液的拉伸动力学以及静电纺丝过程中溶剂的快速蒸发导致胶束同时紧密堆积和单轴拉伸，从而产生由定向胶束组成的聚合物纳米纤维。该方法可用于制备孔径可调、碳、SiO2、TiO2 和 WO3 等多种成分的大规模有序介孔纳米纤维。通过微小孔并排连接的对齐纵向介孔提供高度暴露的活性位点并加速电子/离子传输。组装好的电极为锂金属电池提供了出色的性能。