The association of type 2 diabetes with certain cancer risk has been of great interest for years. However, the effect of diabetic medications on cancer development is not fully understood. Prospective clinical trials have not elucidated the long‐term influence of hypoglycemic drugs on cancer incidence and the safety for cancer‐bearing patients with diabetes, whereas numerous preclinical studies have shown that antidiabetic drugs could have an impact on carcinogenesis processes beyond the glycemic control effect. Because there is no evidence of the safety profile of antidiabetic agents on cancer biology, careful consideration would be required when prescribing any medicines to patients with diabetes and existing tumor. In this review, we discuss the potential influence of each diabetes therapy in cancer ‘initiation’, ‘promotion’ and ‘progression’.

中文翻译：

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糖尿病中的癌症生物学最新进展：关注抗糖尿病药物

多年来，2 型糖尿病与某些癌症风险的关联一直引起人们的极大兴趣。然而，糖尿病药物对癌症发展的影响尚不完全清楚。前瞻性临床试验尚未阐明降糖药物对癌症发病率的长期影响以及患有癌症的糖尿病患者的安全性，而大量临床前研究表明，降糖药物对癌症发生过程的影响可能超出血糖控制作用。由于没有证据表明抗糖尿病药物对癌症生物学的安全性，因此在向患有糖尿病和现有肿瘤的患者开任何药物时需要仔细考虑。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了每种糖尿病疗法对癌症“发生”、“促进”和“进展”的潜在影响。