Pacific Islands, many relatively remote and small, have been occupied by people for more than 3000 years during which time they experienced climate‐driven environmental changes (both slow and rapid onset) that challenged human survival and led to the evolution of place‐based coping strategies expressed through traditional knowledge (TK). In today's globalized Pacific Islands region, into which western worldviews and global adaptation strategies have made significant inroads, most plans for coping with climate‐changed futures are founded in science‐based understandings of the world that undervalue and sideline TK. Many such plans have proved difficult to implement as a consequence. This paper reviews the nature of extant Pacific TK for coping with climate change, something that includes TK for anticipating climate change (including climate variability and climate extremes) as well as ancillary TK associated with food and water security, traditional ecological knowledge, environmental conservation, and settlement and house construction that represent coping strategies. Much of this TK can be demonstrated as being effective with precedents in other (traditional) contexts and a compelling plausible scientific basis. This study demonstrates that Pacific Islands TK for coping with climate change has value and, especially because of its place‐based nature, should be central to future climate‐change adaptation strategies to enhance their uptake, effectiveness and sustainability. To this end, this paper proposes specific ways forward to optimize the utility of TK and ensure it has a realistic role in sustaining Pacific Island communities into the future.This article is categorized under: Climate, History, Society, Culture > Ideas and Knowledge Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Modern Climate Change Assessing Impacts of Climate Change > Observed Impacts of Climate Change

中文翻译：

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太平洋岛屿气候适应能力的传统知识

太平洋岛屿许多相对偏远且较小，已经被人类居住了 3000 多年，在此期间，它们经历了气候驱动的环境变化（缓慢和快速发生），这些变化挑战了人类的生存，并导致了基于地点的应对方式的演变通过传统知识（TK）表达的战略。在当今全球化的太平洋岛屿地区，西方世界观和全球适应战略已取得重大进展，大多数应对气候变化未来的计划都是建立在对世界的基于科学的理解之上，而这种理解低估了传统知识并使其边缘化。结果证明，许多此类计划难以实施。本文回顾了现有应对气候变化的太平洋传统知识的性质，其中包括预测气候变化（包括气候变率和极端气候）的传统知识以及与粮食和水安全、传统生态知识、环境保护、代表应对策略的定居点和房屋建设。大部分传统知识可以通过其他（传统）环境中的先例和令人信服的合理科学基础来证明是有效的。这项研究表明，太平洋岛屿传统知识对于应对气候变化具有价值，特别是因为其基于地点的性质，应该成为未来气候变化适应战略的核心，以提高其吸收率、有效性和可持续性。为此，本文提出了优化传统知识效用并确保其在维持太平洋岛屿社区未来发展方面发挥现实作用的具体方法。本文分为以下几类： 气候、历史、社会、文化 > 思想和知识 古气候和当前趋势 > 现代气候变化 评估气候变化的影响 > 观察到的气候变化影响