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Drug–drug conjugates of MEK and Akt inhibitors for RAS-mutant cancers
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117674
Hikaru Fujita 1 , Sachiko Arai 2 , Hiroshi Arakawa 1 , Kana Hamamoto 1 , Toshiyuki Kato 1 , Tsubasa Arai 1 , Nanaka Nitta 1 , Kazuki Hotta 1 , Natsuko Hosokawa 3 , Takako Ohbayashi 3 , Chiaki Takahashi 2 , Yasuhide Inokuma 4 , Ikumi Tamai 1 , Seiji Yano 2 , Munetaka Kunishima 5 , Yoshihiro Watanabe 6
Affiliation  

Controlling RAS mutant cancer progression remains a significant challenge in developing anticancer drugs. Whereas Ras G12C-covalent binders have received clinical approval, the emergence of further mutations, along with the activation of Ras-related proteins and signals, has led to resistance to Ras binders. To discover novel compounds to overcome this bottleneck, we focused on the concurrent and sustained blocking of two major signaling pathways downstream of Ras. To this end, we synthesized 25 drug–drug conjugates (DDCs) by combining the MEK inhibitor trametinib with Akt inhibitors using seven types of linkers with structural diversity. The DDCs were evaluated for their cell permeability/accumulation and ability to inhibit proliferation in RAS-mutant cell lines. A representative DDC was further evaluated for its effects on signaling proteins, induction of apoptosis-related proteins, and the stability of hepatic metabolic enzymes. These studies identified a series of DDCs, especially those containing a furan-based linker, with promising properties as agents for treating RAS-mutant cancers. Additionally, experiments in mice using the two selected DDCs revealed prolonged half-lives and anticancer efficacies comparable to those of trametinib. The PK profiles of trametinib and the Akt inhibitor were unified through the DDC formation. The DDCs developed in this study have potential as drug candidates for the broad inhibition of RAS-mutant cancers.

中文翻译:


MEK 和 Akt 抑制剂的药物-药物偶联物治疗 RAS 突变癌症



控制 RAS 突变癌症进展仍然是开发抗癌药物的重大挑战。尽管 Ras G12C 共价结合剂已获得临床批准,但进一步突变的出现以及 Ras 相关蛋白和信号的激活导致了对 Ras 结合剂的耐药性。为了发现新的化合物来克服这一瓶颈,我们重点研究了 Ras 下游两条主要信号通路的同时持续阻断。为此,我们通过使用七种结构多样性的连接子将 MEK 抑制剂曲美替尼 (trametinib) 与 Akt 抑制剂结合,合成了 25 种药物-药物缀合物 (DDC)。评估了 DDC 的细胞渗透性/积累以及抑制 RAS 突变细胞系增殖的能力。进一步评估了代表性 DDC 对信号蛋白的影响、细胞凋亡相关蛋白的诱导以及肝代谢酶的稳定性。这些研究确定了一系列 DDC,特别是那些含有基于呋喃的连接子的 DDC,作为治疗 RAS 突变癌症的药物具有良好的特性。此外,使用两种选定的 DDC 在小鼠中进行的实验表明,其半衰期延长,抗癌功效与曲美替尼相当。 Trametinib 和 Akt 抑制剂的 PK 曲线通过 DDC 的形成而统一。本研究中开发的 DDC 有潜力作为广泛抑制 RAS 突变癌症的候选药物。
更新日期:2024-03-02
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