Our study reports the ultrasound-assisted synthesis of SnS and SnS in the form of nanoparticles using aqueous solutions of respective tin chloride and thioacetamide varying sonication time. The presence of both compounds is confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, as well as Raman and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. The existence of nanoparticles is proven by powder X-ray diffraction investigation and by high resolution transmission electron microscopy observations. The size of nanocrystallites are in the range of 3–8 nm and 30 50 nm for SnS, and 1.5–10 nm for SnS. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, used to investigate the chemical state of tin and sulphur atoms on the surface of nanoparticles, reveal that they are typically covered with tin on the same oxidation degree as respective bulk compound. Values of optical bandgaps of synthesized nanoparticles, according to the Tauc method, were 2.31, 1.47 and 1.05 eV for SnS (60, 90 and 120 min long synthesis, respectively), and 2.81, 2.78 and 2.70 eV for SnS (60, 90 and 120 min long synthesis, respectively). Obtained nanoparticles were utilized as photo- and sonocatalysts in the process of degradation of model azo-dye molecules by UV-C light or ultrasound. Quantum dots of SnS obtained under sonication lasting 120 min were the best photocatalyst (66.9 % color removal), while quantum dots of SnS obtained under similar sonication time were the best sonocatalyst (85.2 % color removal).

中文翻译：

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水溶液中 SnS 和 SnS2 量子点的声化学合成及其光催化和声催化活性

我们的研究报告了使用氯化锡和硫代乙酰胺各自的水溶液在不同的超声处理时间下超声辅助合成了纳米颗粒形式的 SnS 和 SnS。粉末 X 射线衍射、能量色散 X 射线光谱以及拉曼和 FT-IR 光谱技术证实了这两种化合物的存在。粉末 X 射线衍射研究和高分辨率透射电子显微镜观察证明了纳米颗粒的存在。 SnS纳米晶的尺寸范围为3-8 nm和30-50 nm，SnS纳米晶的尺寸为1.5-10 nm。 X射线光电子能谱测量用于研究纳米颗粒表面锡和硫原子的化学状态，结果表明它们通常被锡覆盖，其氧化程度与各自的本体化合物相同。根据 Tauc 方法，SnS 的光学带隙值为 2.31、1.47 和 1.05 eV（合成时间分别为 60、90 和 120 分钟），SnS 的光学带隙值为 2.81、2.78 和 2.70 eV（合成时间分别为 60、90 和 120 分钟）。合成时间分别为 120 分钟）。获得的纳米颗粒在 UV-C 光或超声波降解模型偶氮染料分子的过程中用作光催化剂和声催化剂。在持续120分钟的超声处理下获得的SnS量子点是最好的光催化剂（66.9％的颜色去除），而在相似的超声处理时间下获得的SnS的量子点是最好的声催化剂（85.2％的颜色去除）。