Hollow heterostructured nanoreactors have been used as one of the top choices for photocatalytic valorization conversion of biomass platform molecules due to their superior light-absorbing ability, high efficiency of photogenerated carrier separation and migration, ability to add a large number of reaction sites to the reaction, and good stability. In this paper, an ortho-dodecahedral hollow core-shell ZnS/ZnInS heterostructured catalyst was developed for value-added biomass conversion. The catalyst photocatalytically oxidized 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dicarbonylfuran in 70.9 % yield under mild oxygen and visible light conditions without the addition of other auxiliary substances. Based on the characterization results and theoretical derivations, S- scheme heterojunctions with high photogenerated carrier separation-migration efficiencies are proposed. The main reactive radicals for the photocatalytic conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dicarbonylfuran were identified as hole radicals and superoxide radicals by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and trap experiments, and the catalysts had a good universality of oxidising biomass.

中文翻译：

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作为中空纳米反应器的 ZnS/ZnIn2S4 异质结构上基于生物质的 5-羟甲基糠醛的视觉光驱动增值

中空异质结构纳米反应器因其优越的光吸收能力、高效率的光生载流子分离和迁移、能够为反应添加大量反应位点而成为生物质平台分子光催化增值转化的首选之一，稳定性好。本文开发了一种正十二面体空心核壳ZnS/ZnInS异质结构催化剂，用于生物质增值转化。该催化剂在弱氧和可见光条件下，在不添加其他辅助物质的情况下，将5-羟甲基糠醛光催化氧化为2,5-二羰基呋喃，收率70.9%。基于表征结果和理论推导，提出了具有高光生载流子分离迁移效率的S型异质结。通过电子顺磁共振波谱和陷阱实验鉴定出5-羟甲基糠醛光催化转化为2,5-二羰基呋喃的主要反应自由基为空穴自由基和超氧自由基，该催化剂对生物质氧化具有良好的普适性。