The association of hypertension and diabetes mellitus is extremely common, increasing the mortality risk of patients, mainly by cardiovascular causes. Regarding the blood pressure (BP) targets to be achieved, most guidelines suggest levels of 130 mmHg for SBP and of 80 mmHg for DBP. Dietary modifications are quite effective, and many studies suggest that decreasing sodium intake and increasing potassium ingestion are both valuable practices for reducing BP. This can be achieved by stimulating the ingestion of lacteous products, vegetables, and nuts. As for the ideal pharmacologic treatment for hypertension, either calcium channel blockers, diuretics or angiotensin-system blockers can be the first class of drug to be used. In this review, we summarize the evaluation of patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and discuss the available therapeutic approaches, with emphasis on evidence-based dietary recommendations.

中文翻译：

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治疗糖尿病患者动脉高血压的饮食方法。

高血压和糖尿病的关联极为常见，增加了患者的死亡风险，主要是心血管原因。关于要实现的血压 (BP) 目标，大多数指南建议 SBP 为 130 mmHg，DBP 为 80 mmHg。饮食调整非常有效，许多研究表明减少钠摄入量和增加钾摄入量都是降低血压的宝贵做法。这可以通过刺激乳制品、蔬菜和坚果的摄入来实现。对于高血压的理想药物治疗，钙通道阻滞剂、利尿剂或血管紧张素系统阻滞剂可以作为第一类药物。在这篇综述中，我们总结了对糖尿病和高血压患者的评估，并讨论了可用的治疗方法，重点是基于证据的饮食建议。