Traditional grammars of Sanskrit briefly address the periphrastic use of the verbs i- ‘go’, car- ‘move’, ās- ‘sit’ and sthā- ‘stand’ plus participle or gerund, which convey the meaning ‘to be continually/habitually x’ (x = participle or gerund), but an in-depth analysis of this set of auxiliaries remains a desideratum. This paper specifically addresses the periphrasis formed with the posture verb sthā- ‘stand’. I will investigate the diachronic development of this construction from the Rig-Veda to the Late Vedic period, and I will additionally offer a brief overview of the construction in the Epic Sanskrit language. On the basis of a large diachronically-oriented corpus, I will show that the Rig-Veda does not provide clear evidence of periphrases, whereas in Late Vedic periphrases with sthā- have unambiguously emerged. Furthermore, the data will be compared with the Avestan stā- periphrasis, showing that these two periphrases share certain affinities. This analysis aims to show that there exists a close relationship between this set of periphrases and the intensive category.

中文翻译：

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梵文辅助词 sthā-“站立”，附有阿维斯陀语 stā- 的注释

梵语的传统语法简要讨论了动词的迂回用法我- '去'，车- '移动'，作为-“坐”和斯塔- “stand”加分词或动名词，表达“持续地/习惯性地x”的意思（x=分词或动名词），但对这组助词的深入分析仍然是一个迫切需要。本文特别讨论了由姿势动词构成的旁述斯塔- '站立'。我将从以下几个方面来考察这一建构的历时发展：梨俱吠陀到晚期吠陀时期，我还将简要概述史诗梵语的结构。在一个大型历时语料库的基础上，我将证明梨俱吠陀没有提供旁白的明确证据，而在晚期吠陀旁白中，斯塔——已经明确地出现了。此外，该数据将与阿维斯坦教进行比较斯塔- 旁白，表明这两个旁白有一定的相似性。本分析旨在表明这组旁白与强化范畴之间存在着密切的关系。