This study examined how socioeconomic status (SES) influences on decision‐making processing. The roles of anticipatory/outcome‐related cardiac activity and awareness of task contingencies were also assessed. One hundred twelve children (Mage = 5.83, SDage = 0.32; 52.7% female, 51.8% low‐SES; data collected October–December 2018 and April–December 2019) performed the Children's Gambling Task, while heart rate activity was recorded. Awareness of gain/loss contingencies was assessed after completing the task. Distinct decision‐making strategies emerged among low and middle/high‐SES children. Despite similar awareness levels between SES groups, future‐oriented decision‐making was linked solely to the middle/high‐SES group. Somatic markers did not manifest unequivocally. However, contrasting cardiac patterns were evident concerning feedback processing and the association between anticipatory activity and awareness (low: acceleration vs. middle/high: deceleration). Results are interpreted from an evolutionary‐developmental perspective.

中文翻译：

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不同社会经济背景的儿童与决策相关的不同心理生理反应

本研究探讨了社会经济地位（SES）如何影响决策过程。还评估了预期/结果相关的心脏活动和对任务突发事件的意识的作用。一百一十二个孩子（中号年龄= 5.83，标准差年龄= 0.32；52.7% 为女性，51.8% 社会经济地位低；2018 年 10 月至 12 月和 2019 年 4 月至 12 月收集的数据）执行儿童赌博任务，同时记录心率活动。完成任务后评估对收益/损失意外事件的认识。低社会经济地位和中/高社会经济地位儿童出现了不同的决策策略。尽管社会经济地位群体之间的意识水平相似，但面向未来的决策仅与中/高社会经济地位群体相关。体细胞标记并未明确显现。然而，关于反馈处理以及预期活动和意识之间的关联，对比心脏模式是明显的（低：加速与中/高：减速）。结果是从进化发展的角度解释的。