Conductive polymer hydrogel-based sensors with high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) have attracted much attention. In this field, the tremendous challenge is achieving an even dispersion of the conductive fillers in order to enhance their sensitivity and SE. Herein, ionic liquids (ILs), the ionic conductors, are chosen to optimize the morphology of polyaniline (PANI) on graphene oxide (GO) and improve the dispersion of PANI@GO (PGO) in sodium alginate/polyacrylamide (SA/PAM) hydrogels. Because of the presence of an electron–ion conductive network, the resulting SA/PAM/IL@PGO hydrogels exhibit a conductivity of 0.13 S/m, which is 21.7 times higher than that of SA/PAM/PGO hydrogels. This outstanding electron–ion conductivity endows the SA/PAM/IL@PGO hydrogels with an EMI SE of 53.6 dB and a low reflection coefficient, indicating excellent green shielding ability. More importantly, the gauge factor of resulting SA/PAM/IL@PGO hydrogels reaches 3.03, suggesting high sensitivity, so they can be used as strain sensors to monitor vigorous bodily movements. This work provides a strategy for fabricating hydrogels as high-sensitivity sensors with a high-performance shielding capability.

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通过掺入离子液体增强水凝胶的传感和电磁干扰屏蔽性能

具有高性能电磁干扰屏蔽效能（EMI SE）的导电聚合物水凝胶传感器备受关注。在该领域，巨大的挑战是实现导电填料的均匀分散，以提高其灵敏度和SE。本文选择离子液体（IL）作为离子导体，以优化氧化石墨烯（GO）上聚苯胺（PANI）的形貌，并改善PANI@GO（PGO）在海藻酸钠/聚丙烯酰胺（SA/PAM）中的分散性水凝胶。由于电子-离子传导网络的存在，所得SA/PAM/IL@PGO水凝胶的电导率达到0.13 S/m，是SA/PAM/PGO水凝胶的21.7倍。这种出色的电子-离子电导率赋予SA/PAM/IL@PGO水凝胶53.6 dB的EMI SE和低反射系数，表现出优异的绿色屏蔽能力。更重要的是，所得SA/PAM/IL@PGO水凝胶的应变系数达到3.03，表明具有高灵敏度，因此它们可以用作应变传感器来监测剧烈的身体运动。这项工作提供了一种将水凝胶制造为具有高性能屏蔽能力的高灵敏度传感器的策略。