This study presents a database of central blood pressure waveforms according to cardiovascular health conditions, to supplement the lack of clinical data in cardiovascular health research, constructed by a cardiovascular simulator. Blood pressure (BP) is the most frequently measured biomarker, and in addition to systolic and diastolic pressure, its waveform represents the various conditions of cardiovascular health. A BP waveform is formed by overlapping the forward and reflected waves, which are affected by the pulse wave velocity (PWV). The increase in vascular stiffness with aging increases PWV, and the PWV-age distribution curve is called vascular age. For cardiovascular health research, extensive data of central BP waveform is essential, but the clinical data published so far are insufficient and imbalanced in quantity and quality. This study reproduces the central BP waveform using a cardiovascular hardware simulator and artificial aortas, which mimic the physiological structure and properties of the human. The simulator can adjust cardiovascular health conditions to the same level as humans, such as heart rate of 40–100 BPM, stroke volume of 40–100 mL, and peripheral resistance of 12 steps. Also, 6 artificial aortas with vascular ages in the 20–70 were fabricated to reproduce the increase in vascular stiffness due to aging. Vascular age calculated from measured stiffness of artificial aorta and central BP waveform showed an error of less than 3 years from the clinical value. Through this, a total of 636 waveforms were created to construct a central BP waveform database according to controlled various cardiovascular health conditions.

中文翻译：

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心血管硬件模拟器和人工主动脉根据各种血管年龄生成中心血压波形数据库，用于心血管健康监测应用

本研究根据心血管健康状况提出了一个由心血管模拟器构建的中心血压波形数据库，以补充心血管健康研究中临床数据的缺乏。血压 (BP) 是最常测量的生物标志物，除了收缩压和舒张压之外，其波形还代表心血管健康的各种状况。血压波形是由前向波和反射波重叠形成的，受脉搏波速度 (PWV) 的影响。随着年龄的增长，血管硬度增加，PWV增加，PWV-年龄分布曲线称为血管年龄。对于心血管健康研究来说，中心血压波形的大量数据是必不可少的，但迄今为止发表的临床数据不足且数量和质量不平衡。这项研究使用心血管硬件模拟器和人工主动脉再现了中心血压波形，模拟了人类的生理结构和特性。该模拟器可以将心血管健康状况调整至与人类相同的水平，例如心率为40-100 BPM、每搏输出量为40-100 mL、外周阻力为12级。此外，还制造了 6 个血管年龄在 20-70 岁之间的人造主动脉，以再现因衰老而导致的血管硬度增加。根据测量的人造主动脉硬度和中心血压波形计算出的血管年龄与临床值的误差小于3年。由此，根据受控的各种心血管健康状况，总共创建了636个波形，构建了中央血压波形数据库。