The grassland ecosystem is an integral component of the global ecosystem. However, the changes in soil and soil microbial communities during the transition from natural grazing to grazing prohibition period in the steppe, along with the driving factors behind the differences in soil microbial communities, remain unclear. In this study, soil characteristics and the fungal community diversity were measured and assessed. The results indicated that during the initial period of grazing prohibition, the dominant fungal species remained consistent, yet there were notable changes in their abundance and the physicochemical properties of the soil. Under natural grazing, a significant inverse relationship was observed between fungal abundance and pH. Conversely, a positive association was found between fungal diversity and volumetric water content (VWC), along with a highly significant positive correlation between fungal abundance, fungal diversity, and soil organic matter (SOM). In the initial period of grazing prohibition, fungal abundance exhibited a noteworthy positive association with SOM, VWC, and soil temperature (ST). Similarly, fungal diversity displayed a significant positive correlation with SOM and ST. Fungal abundance appeared to be more influenced by soil factors compared to fungal diversity, with VWC identified as the most crucial element impacting factor on fungal abundance.

中文翻译：

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短期禁牧造成的水分减少导致真菌丰度显着下降

草原生态系统是全球生态系统的重要组成部分。然而，草原自然放牧向禁牧期过渡期间土壤和土壤微生物群落的变化以及土壤微生物群落差异背后的驱动因素仍不清楚。在这项研究中，测量和评估了土壤特征和真菌群落多样性。结果表明，禁牧初期，真菌优势种类保持一致，但其丰度和土壤理化性质发生了显着变化。在自然放牧下，真菌丰度与 pH 值之间存在显着的反比关系。相反，真菌多样性与体积含水量（VWC）之间存在正相关关系，并且真菌丰度、真菌多样性和土壤有机质（SOM）之间也存在高度显着的正相关关系。在禁牧初期，真菌丰度与 SOM、VWC 和土壤温度 (ST) 呈显着正相关。同样，真菌多样性与 SOM 和 ST 呈显着正相关。与真菌多样性相比，真菌丰度似乎更受土壤因素的影响，VWC 被认为是影响真菌丰度的最关键元素。