Poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc) hydrogels are essential functional materials. However, their mechanical properties do not meet the required standards. In this study, a one‐pot method is employed to prepare cellulose‐reinforced PAAc hydrogels by dissolving allyl cellulose (AC) in acrylic acid (AAc) solutions. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), solid‐state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis are used to demonstrate that the incorporation of AC results in the formation of covalent and hydrogen bonds, which contribute to the crosslink network of the PAAc hydrogels. Significantly, by modifying the ratio of AC to AAc in the pre‐polymerization solution, the prepared AC–PAAc hydrogels exhibit a transition from transparent to opaque. This suggests that phase separation is induced by hydrogen bonding. The occurrence of phase separation is verified by observing the hydrogel microstructures using scanning electron microscopy. Phase separation leads to enhanced polymer–polymer interactions in the hydrogels, resulting in a maximum fracture stress of 2.34 MPa. The AC–PAAc hydrogels display distinct swelling behavior under various pH conditions. Moreover, they demonstrate differences in transparency and mechanical properties when exposed to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water, indicating their responsiveness to solvents. This work demonstrates the great potential of enhancing the mechanical performance and responsiveness of PAAc hydrogels.

中文翻译：

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纤维素增强聚丙烯酸水凝胶的结构和性能

聚丙烯酸（PAAc）水凝胶是重要的功能材料。然而，它们的机械性能不符合要求的标准。在本研究中，采用一锅法通过将烯丙基纤维素（AC）溶解在丙烯酸（AAc）溶液中来制备纤维素增强PAAc水凝胶。傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR)，固态1313C核磁共振（NMR）和热重（TG）分析证明AC的掺入导致共价键和氢键的形成，这有助于PAAc水凝胶的交联网络。值得注意的是，通过改变预聚合溶液中 AC 与 AAc 的比例，制备的 AC-PAAc 水凝胶表现出从透明到不透明的转变。这表明相分离是由氢键引起的。通过使用扫描电子显微镜观察水凝胶微观结构来验证相分离的发生。相分离导致水凝胶中聚合物-聚合物相互作用增强，导致最大断裂应力达到 2.34 MPa。AC-PAAc 水凝胶在不同 pH 条件下表现出明显的溶胀行为。此外，当它们暴露于二甲基亚砜（DMSO）和水时，它们表现出透明度和机械性能的差异，这表明它们对溶剂的响应性。这项工作展示了增强 PAAc 水凝胶的机械性能和响应能力的巨大潜力。