Abstract

Undoubtedly, the invention of the printing press by Gutenberg brought about a profound paradigm shift, transforming both the late medieval book markets and the general reading culture. However, as with many paradigm shifts, we need to differentiate in this regard more than scholarship has acknowledged so far. First, many medieval narrative motives, topics and themes continued to be rather popular well into the seventeenth century, if not beyond. Second, manuscript culture did not simply disappear. Instead, as this article outlines, in many areas and especially among the upper social classes, luxury items in the form of manuscripts remained critically important. A closer analysis also indicates that many times practical knowledge (fencing, horse training, medicine, etc.) and personal observations were copied down by hand and thus passed on to the specific audiences without the printing press involved. The manuscript did not disappear at all; instead, it assumed a more specialized function in terms of knowledge, autobiographical reflections and social representation.

中文翻译：

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中世纪手稿文化在近代早期的生存：普遍范式转变的另一面

摘要

毫无疑问，古腾堡发明的印刷机带来了深刻的范式转变，改变了中世纪晚期的图书市场和一般的阅读文化。然而，与许多范式转变一样，我们在这方面需要比迄今为止学术界承认的更多的差异化。首先，许多中世纪的叙事动机、主题和主题在 17 世纪甚至更久之前仍然相当流行。其次，手稿文化并没有简单地消失。相反，正如本文所述，在许多领域，尤其是上层社会阶层，手稿形式的奢侈品仍然至关重要。更仔细的分析还表明，很多时候实践知识（击剑、训练马、医学等）和个人观察都是通过手抄下来传递给特定受众的，而无需印刷机的参与。手稿根本没有消失；相反，它在知识、自传体反思和社会表征方面承担了更专业的功能。