ObjectiveTo review mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) tested in randomized controlled trials (RCT) across the cancer continuum.Data SourceArticles identified in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase.Study Inclusion and Exclusion CriteriaTwo independent reviewers screened articles for: (1) topic relevance; (2) RCT study design; (3) mindfulness activity; (4) text availability; (5) country (United States); and (6) mindfulness as the primary intervention component.Data ExtractionTwenty-eight RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Data was extracted on the following variables: publication year, population, study arms, cancer site, stage of cancer continuum, participant demographic characteristics, mindfulness definition, mindfulness measures, mindfulness delivery, and behavioral theory.Data SynthesisWe used descriptive statistics and preliminary content analysis to characterize the data and identify emerging themes.ResultsA definition of mindfulness was reported in 46% of studies and 43% measured mindfulness. Almost all MBIs were tested in survivorship (50%) or treatment (46%) stages of the cancer continuum. Breast cancer was the focus of 73% of cancer-site specific studies, and most participants were non-Hispanic white females.ConclusionThe scoping review identified 5 themes: (1) inconsistency in defining mindfulness; (2) differences in measuring mindfulness; (3) underrepresentation of racial/ethnic minorities; (4) underrepresentation of males and cancer sites other than breast; and (5) the lack of behavioral theory in the design, implementation, and evaluation of the MBI.

中文翻译：

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美国癌症连续体中基于正念的干预措施：范围界定审查


目的回顾在整个癌症连续体中随机对照试验 (RCT) 中测试的基于正念的干预措施 (MBI)。数据源在 PubMed、CINAHL、Web of Science、PsycINFO 和 Embase 中确定的文章。研究纳入和排除标准两位独立审稿人筛选了文章： (1)主题相关性； （2）RCT研究设计； (3) 正念活动； (4) 文本可用性； (5) 国家（美国）； (6) 正念作为主要干预成分。数据提取 28 项随机对照试验符合纳入标准。根据以下变量提取数据：出版年份、人群、研究组、癌症部位、癌症连续体阶段、参与者人口特征、正念定义、正念测量、正念传递和行为理论。数据合成我们使用描述性统计和初步内容分析来表征数据并识别新出现的主题。结果 46% 的研究报告了正念的定义，43% 的研究测量了正念。几乎所有 MBI 都在癌症连续体的生存期 (50%) 或治疗期 (46%) 进行了测试。乳腺癌是 73% 癌症部位特定研究的焦点，大多数参与者是非西班牙裔白人女性。 结论 范围界定审查确定了 5 个主题：（1）正念定义不一致； (2) 正念测量的差异； (3) 少数种族/族裔代表性不足； (4) 男性和乳腺癌以外的癌症部位代表性不足； (5) MBI的设计、实施和评估缺乏行为理论。