In this study, lupinifolin (1) and its natural analogues, mundulin (2), minimiorin (3), khonklonginol H (4), flemichin D (5), and eriosemaone A (27), were obtained by chemical synthesis for the first time. Key steps involved an electrocyclization to build the linear pyran rings and a Claisen/Cope rearrangement to install the 8-prenyl substituents. All compounds were assessed for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against clinically relevant human pathogens, including one Gram-negative bacterial strain (E. coli ATCC 25922) and four Gram-positive bacterial strains (S. aureus ATCC 29213, E. faecalis ATCC 29212, MRSA21-5, and VRE ATCC 51299). The result indicated that eriosemaone A (27) was the most potent one against Gram-positive bacteria, with minimum inhibitory concentrations in the range of 0.25–0.5 μg/mL. Mechanistic studies indicated that 27 has good membrane-targeting ability to bacterial inner membranes and can bind to phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin in bacterial membranes, thereby disrupting the bacterial cell membranes and causing bacterial death.

中文翻译：

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羽扇豆素及其天然类似物的全合成及抗菌评价

本研究首次通过化学合成获得羽扇豆素 ( 1 ) 及其天然类似物 Mundulin ( 2 )、Minimiorin ( 3 )、khonklonginol H ( 4 )、flemichin D ( 5 ) 和 eriosemaone A ( 27 ) 。时间。关键步骤包括电环化以构建线性吡喃环和克莱森/科普重排以安装 8-异戊二烯基取代基。所有化合物均针对临床相关人类病原体进行了体外抗菌活性评估，包括一种革兰氏阴性细菌菌株（大肠杆菌ATCC 25922）和四种革兰氏阳性细菌菌株（金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 29213、粪肠球菌ATCC 29212、 MRSA21-5 和 VRE ATCC 51299）。结果表明，eriosemaone A ( 27 ) 是对抗革兰氏阳性菌最有效的一种，最低抑制浓度在 0.25–0.5 μg/mL 范围内。机理研究表明27对细菌内膜具有良好的膜靶向能力，可以与细菌膜中的磷脂酰甘油和心磷脂结合，从而破坏细菌细胞膜并导致细菌死亡。