While extractive industries in Canada provide many benefits like employment, income, and education, they can also pose disproportionate physical and socio-cultural risks to population health equity for Indigenous populations. The Government of Canada established a new federal framework to review extractive industry and large infrastructure developments in 2019, with impact assessment of project proposals incorporating a 180-day planning phase and mandated consideration of positive and negative impacts on health, social, economic, and environmental factors. To support implementation of best practices and principles for prioritizing population health equity during the planning phase, a realist synthesis was completed on 185 peer-reviewed and grey literature sources from 2010 to 2019, ten years leading up to passage of the new legislation. Evidence was mapped to five key leverage points in the planning phase, namely—the preparations conducted prior to the planning phase; opportunities for involvement by public health authorities; guidance for participatory processes involving Indigenous communities; evidence-based identification of issues and concerns; and development of plans and guidance to support subsequent phases of impact assessment.

中文翻译：

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影响评估中的人口健康公平范围：对 2010-2019 年关键文献的现实综合回顾

虽然加拿大的采掘业提供了就业、收入和教育等许多好处，但它们也可能对原住民的人口健康公平构成不成比例的身体和社会文化风险。加拿大政府制定了新的联邦框架，以审查 2019 年采掘业和大型基础设施的发展，对项目提案进行影响评估，纳入 180 天的规划阶段，并强制考虑对健康、社会、经济和环境的积极和消极影响因素。为了支持在规划阶段实施优先考虑人口健康公平的最佳实践和原则，对 2010 年至 2019 年（新立法通过前十年）的 185 个同行评审和灰色文献来源完成了现实综合。证据被映射到规划阶段的五个关键杠杆点，即规划阶段之前进行的准备工作；公共卫生当局参与的机会；涉及土著社区的参与进程的指导；以证据为基础确定问题和关切；制定计划和指南以支持影响评估的后续阶段。