Mystical experience, non-dual awareness, selflessness, self-transcendent experience, and ego-dissolution have become increasingly prominent constructs in meditation and psychedelic research. However, these constructs and their measures tend to be highly overlapping, imprecise, and poorly integrated with similar pathological experiences. The present study seeks to clarify the common factors involved in the characteristics of these experiences using precise distinctions across an array of experience contexts (including meditation, psychedelics, and psychopathology). Participants (N = 386) completed an online survey about an experience that involved either a dissolution of self-boundaries or a loss of selfhood. Confirmatory factor analyses resulted in 16 experience characteristics, including multiple types of changes in sense of self, co-occurring phenomenology, and cognitive and affective responses. Qualitative thematic analysis provided rich descriptions of experience characteristics. Taken together, results lead to a more specific measurement model and descriptive account of experiences involving a loss of self or self-boundary.

中文翻译：

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澄清和衡量涉及自我丧失或边界消解的经历的特征

神秘体验、非二元意识、无私、自我超越体验和自我消解已成为冥想和迷幻研究中越来越重要的概念。然而，这些构建及其测量往往高度重叠、不精确，并且与类似的病理经验的整合性较差。本研究旨在通过一系列体验背景（包括冥想、致幻剂和精神病理学）的精确区分来阐明这些体验特征所涉及的共同因素。参与者 (N = 386) 完成了一项在线调查，调查内容涉及自我界限的消解或自我丧失的经历。验证性因素分析得出 16 种体验特征，包括自我意识、共现现象、认知和情感反应等多种类型的变化。定性主题分析提供了对体验特征的丰富描述。总而言之，结果导致了一个更具体的测量模型和对涉及自我或自我边界丧失的经历的描述性描述。