Background Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (EUS FNAB) is a well established diagnostic method in adult patients, but is rarely used in the paediatric population. The Clinical Department of Gastroenterology at the University Clinical Centre Ljubljana and the Department of Cytopathology at the Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, have been closely collaborating on EUS FNAB since the introduction in 2010. The aim of the study was to review the cases of EUS FNAB of pancreatic neoplasms in children. Patients and methods In the digital archive of the Institute of Pathology (IP), Faculty of Medicine (FM), University of Ljubljana (UL), we found 6 cases of EUS FNAB in children, 3 had EUS FNAB of the pancreas, 2 of whom had a cytopathologic diagnosis of a tumour. In the first case, the lesion was ultrasonographically solid, and the cell sample contained branching papillary structures surrounded by aggregates of small cells with nuclear grooves. In the second case, the lesion was ultrasonographically cystic, and predominantly necrosis was seen, with only single preserved cells. Positive nuclear reaction for β-catenin was found in both cases by immunohistochemical staining. Results In both cases, the cytopathological diagnosis of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas was made, the cases represent the totality of paediatric cases of pancreatic neoplasms from the Children’s Hospital Ljubljana since 2010. There were no adverse events during and after EUS FNAB. A histopathological examination of the tumour resection specimens confirmed the cytopathological diagnosis. Conclusions Our experience indicates that EUS FNAB is a safe and effective method for diagnosing pancreatic neoplasms in the pediatric population, as supported by the findings in the literature.

中文翻译：

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超声内镜引导细针抽吸活检在儿科人群胰腺肿瘤诊断中的作用：三级中心的经验和文献综述

背景 超声内镜引导下细针抽吸活检 (EUS FNAB) 是成人患者的一种成熟的诊断方法，但很少用于儿科人群。自 2010 年推出 EUS FNAB 以来，卢布尔雅那大学临床中心胃肠病学临床系和斯洛文尼亚卢布尔雅那大学医学院病理学研究所细胞病理学系一直在密切合作开展 EUS FNAB。旨在回顾儿童胰腺肿瘤的 EUS FNAB 病例。患者和方法 在卢布尔雅那大学 (UL) 医学院 (FM) 病理学研究所 (IP) 的数字档案中，我们发现了 6 例儿童 EUS FNAB，其中 3 例进行了胰腺 EUS FNAB，2 例进行了胰腺 EUS FNAB。经细胞病理学诊断为肿瘤。在第一种情况下，超声检查显示病变是实性的，细胞样本含有分支乳头状结构，周围有带有核沟的小细胞聚集体。在第二种情况下，超声检查病变呈囊性，主要是坏死，仅保留单个细胞。免疫组织化学染色发现两例β-连环蛋白核反应呈阳性。结果 2例均经细胞病理学诊断为胰腺实性假乳头状肿瘤，是卢布尔雅那儿童医院自2010年以来收治的儿科胰腺肿瘤病例的总和。EUS FNAB期间及术后均未发生不良事件。肿瘤切除标本的组织病理学检查证实了细胞病理学诊断。结论 我们的经验表明，EUS FNAB 是诊断儿科人群胰腺肿瘤的一种安全有效的方法，文献研究结果也支持这一点。