Among the most notorious forms of collaboration with the German occupation of District Galicia were the so-called shmal’tsovniki (szmalcownicy) or marodëry (profiteers), bounty hunters who betrayed Jews to the German police for cash rewards, apartments, food, and a host of other incentives. In this study of post-Soviet Russian, Ukrainian, German, Israeli, and Polish sources, the author has traced the nefarious roles these local collaborators played in the Holocaust. He has endeavored to outline the political economy of genocide in Galicia, tracing the transformation of relations among neighbors into a predatory hunt for Jewish men, women, and children who had been driven into hiding to escape persecution and genocide. Archival documents and eyewitness testimonies reveal that bounty hunters preyed not just on Jews, but also on so-called Righteous Gentiles, typically well-meaning Poles or Ukrainians whose acts of kindness were sometimes turned against them in the morally inverted world of the German occupation. In this way, the German occupation authorities generated a mass culture of fear and suspicion that facilitated the rounding up and liquidation of remaining Jews.

中文翻译：

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Shmal'tsovniki：第二次世界大战中的赏金猎人加利西亚，1941 年至 1944 年

与德国占领加利西亚地区最臭名昭著的合作形式是所谓的 shmal'tsovniki (szmalcownicy) 或 marodëry（奸商），他们是赏金猎人，他们向德国警察出卖犹太人，以获取现金奖励、公寓、食物和金钱。其他激励措施的主机。在这项对后苏联时期的俄罗斯、乌克兰、德国、以色列和波兰资料的研究中，作者追溯了这些当地合作者在大屠杀中所扮演的邪恶角色。他努力勾勒出加利西亚种族灭绝的政治经济学，追踪邻国关系转变为对为了逃避迫害和种族灭绝而被迫躲藏的犹太男人、女人和儿童的掠夺性追捕。档案文件和目击者的证词显示，赏金猎人不仅捕食犹太人，还捕食所谓的正义外邦人，通常是善意的波兰人或乌克兰人，在德国占领的道德颠倒的世界中，他们的善意行为有时会变成对他们的攻击。通过这种方式，德国占领当局产生了一种恐惧和怀疑的大众文化，促进了对剩余犹太人的围捕和清算。