The PHC (pre-stressed high-strength concrete) pile foundation, serving as an innovative supporting structure for solar power stations, is subjected to complex loading conditions in engineering scenarios. In this study, field tests of the full-scale PHC Pile foundation were conducted in sand layer, loess layer, and double-layer sites to investigate its operational behavior under different load conditions. The study assessed the inclination of the column top, ground displacement, and torsion to analyze the stress and deformation characteristics of PHC pile foundations. The deformation of PHC short pile foundations exhibited distinct phases. Torsional load reduced the column crack load by 30%. The pile cap effectively controlled plastic deformation, minimizing foundation deformation, while torsional load increased lateral deformation. Under cyclic load, the PHC pile behaved with an approximate elasticity characteristic within the test load range. The deformation increased by approximately 10%. Furthermore, three-dimensional numerical simulations analyzed the effects of foundation dimension, bending-moment-to-lateral-load ratio, torque-to-lateral-load ratio, and pile cap size on internal forces and deformation. Simulations indicated that increasing the pile cap length was more advantageous for reducing deformation and internal forces. The bending-moment-to-lateral-load ratio was significant in design, while the torque-to-lateral-load ratio had a negligible impact. A comprehensive design program is proposed based on field tests and numerical simulations, considering deformation and bearing capacity. The study confirms the reliability of the PHC pile foundation as a support structure for heliostats, aiming to offer valuable insights for practical applications.

PHC（预应力高强混凝土）桩基础作为太阳能电站的创新支撑结构，在工程场景中承受着复杂的荷载条件。本研究在砂层、黄土层和双层场地对全尺寸PHC桩基础进行了现场试验，研究其在不同荷载条件下的运行特性。该研究评估了柱顶倾斜度、地面位移和扭转，以分析PHC桩基础的应力和变形特征。 PHC短桩基础的变形呈现出明显的阶段性。扭转荷载使柱裂纹荷载降低了 30%。承台有效控制塑性变形，最大限度地减少地基变形，而扭转荷载则增加了侧向变形。在循环荷载作用下，PHC桩在试验荷载范围内表现出近似弹性特性。变形增加约10%。此外，三维数值模拟还分析了基础尺寸、弯矩与侧向荷载比、扭矩与侧向荷载比以及桩帽尺寸对内力和变形的影响。模拟结果表明，增加桩帽长度更有利于减少变形和内力。弯矩与横向载荷比在设计中很重要，而扭矩与横向载荷比的影响可以忽略不计。基于现场试验和数值模拟，考虑变形和承载能力，提出了综合设计方案。该研究证实了PHC桩基作为定日镜支撑结构的可靠性，旨在为实际应用提供有价值的见解。