Microactuators provide controllable driving forces for precise positioning, manipulation and operation at the microscale. Development of microactuators using active materials is often hampered by their fabrication complexity and limited motion at small scales. Here we report light-fuelled artificial goosebumps to actuate passive microstructures, inspired by the natural reaction of hair bristling (piloerection) on biological skin. We use light-responsive liquid crystal elastomers as the responsive artificial skin to move three-dimensionally printed passive polymer microstructures. When exposed to a programmable femtosecond laser, the liquid crystal elastomer skin generates localized artificial goosebumps, resulting in precise actuation of the surrounding microstructures. Such microactuation can tilt micro-mirrors for the controlled manipulation of light reflection and disassemble capillary-force-induced self-assembled microstructures globally and locally. We demonstrate the potential application of the proposed microactuation system for information storage. This methodology provides precise, localized and controllable manipulation of microstructures, opening new possibilities for the development of programmable micromachines.

微执行器为微尺度的精确定位、操纵和操作提供可控驱动力。使用活性材料的微执行器的开发通常因其制造复杂性和小尺度运动有限而受到阻碍。在这里，我们报告了光驱动的人造鸡皮疙瘩来驱动被动微结构，其灵感来自生物皮肤上毛发竖立（立毛）的自然反应。我们使用光响应液晶弹性体作为响应人造皮肤来移动三维打印的被动聚合物微结构。当暴露在可编程飞秒激光下时，液晶弹性体皮肤会产生局部人造鸡皮疙瘩，从而精确驱动周围的微结构。这种微驱动可以倾斜微镜，以控制光反射的操作，并在全局和局部分解毛细力诱导的自组装微结构。我们展示了所提出的微驱动系统在信息存储方面的潜在应用。这种方法提供了对微结构的精确、局部和可控操纵，为可编程微机械的开发开辟了新的可能性。