The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted individuals’ financial well-being and mental health. This study investigates the relationship between income loss and mental health outcomes during the pandemic, as well as the heterogeneity in this relationship by race/ethnicity and co-ethnic density in the metropolitan area. Using nationally representative Household Pulse Survey data, this study finds that income loss is associated with a heightened risk of depression and anxiety, even after controlling for individual and metropolitan-level characteristics. Co-ethnic density in metropolitan areas worsens the effects of income loss on depression and anxiety for Hispanics and non-Hispanic Blacks while residing in a metropolitan area with more Whites cushions the impact of income loss on depression and anxiety for non-Hispanic Whites. Overall, the study underscores the importance of considering the intersection of race/ethnicity and metropolitan-level co-ethnic density in exploring the influence of economic stressors on mental health.

COVID-19 大流行严重影响了个人的财务状况和心理健康。本研究调查了大流行期间收入损失与心理健康结果之间的关系，以及大都市区种族/民族和同民族密度之间这种关系的异质性。这项研究利用具有全国代表性的家庭脉搏调查数据发现，即使在控制了个人和城市层面的特征之后，收入损失也与抑郁和焦虑风险升高相关。大都市区的同族密度加剧了收入损失对西班牙裔和非西班牙裔黑人抑郁和焦虑的影响，而居住在白人较多的大都市区则缓解了收入损失对非西班牙裔白人抑郁和焦虑的影响。总体而言，该研究强调了在探索经济压力因素对心理健康的影响时考虑种族/族裔和大都市层面的同族密度的交叉点的重要性。