Individuals with upper-extremity limb difference who use myoelectric prostheses currently lack the haptic sensory information needed to perform dexterous activities of daily living. While considerable research has focused on restoring this haptic information, these approaches often rely on single-modality feedback schemes which are necessary but insufficient for the feedforward and feedback control strategies employed by the central nervous system. Multi-modality feedback approaches have been gaining attention in several application domains, however, the utility for myoelectric prosthesis use remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the utility of dual-modality haptic feedback in a virtual EMG-controlled grasp-and-hold task with a brittle object and variable load force. We recruited N = 20 participants without limb difference to perform the task in four conditions: no feedback, vibration feedback of incipient slip, squeezing feedback of grip force, and dual (vibration + squeezing) feedback of incipient slip and grip force. Results suggest that receiving any haptic feedback is better than receiving none, however, dual-modality feedback is far superior to either single-modality feedback approach in terms of preventing the object from breaking or dropping. Control with dual-modality feedback was also seen as more intuitive than with either of the single-modality feedback approaches.

中文翻译：

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双模态触觉反馈通过虚拟肌电图控制的夹具提高了灵巧的任务执行能力

使用肌电假肢的上肢肢体差异个体目前缺乏进行日常生活灵巧活动所需的触觉感觉信息。虽然大量研究集中在恢复这种触觉信息上，但这些方法通常依赖于单模态反馈方案，这对于中枢神经系统采用的前馈和反馈控制策略来说是必要的，但还不够。多模态反馈方法在多个应用领域已引起人们的关注，然而，肌电假体的实用性仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们研究了双模态触觉反馈在具有易碎物体和可变负载力的虚拟肌电图控制的抓握任务中的效用。我们招募了 N = 20 名无肢体差异的参与者，在四种条件下执行任务：无反馈、初始滑移的振动反馈、握力的挤压反馈以及初始滑移和握力的双重（振动 + 挤压）反馈。结果表明，接收任何触觉反馈都比不接收要好，但是，在防止物体破裂或掉落方面，双模态反馈远远优于单模态反馈方法。双模态反馈控制也被认为比任何一种单模态反馈方法更直观。