This study tested phenotypic and biometric associations between physical and cognitive catch-up growth in a community sample of twins (n = 1285, 51.8% female, 89.3% White). Height and weight were measured at up to 17 time points between birth and 15 years, and cognitive ability was assessed at up to 16 time points between 3 months and 15 years. Weight and length at birth were positively associated with cognitive abilities in infancy and adolescence (r's = .16–.51). More rapid weight catch-up growth was associated with slower, steadier cognitive catch-up growth. Shared and nonshared environmental factors accounted for positive associations between physical size at birth and cognitive outcomes. Findings highlight the role of prenatal environmental experiences in physical and cognitive co-development.

中文翻译：

---

从婴儿期到青春期身体尺寸和认知能力的共同恢复：一项双胞胎研究

本研究测试了双胞胎社区样本（ n  = 1285，51.8% 女性，89.3% 白人）中身体和认知追赶性生长之间的表型和生物特征关联。在出生至 15 岁之间最多 17 个时间点测量身高和体重，在 3 个月至 15 岁之间最多 16 个时间点评估认知能力。出生时的体重和身长与婴儿期和青春期的认知能力呈正相关（r = .16–.51）。更快速的体重追赶性增长与更慢、更稳定的认知追赶性增长相关。共享和非共享环境因素导致出生时身体尺寸与认知结果之间呈正相关。研究结果强调了产前环境经历在身体和认知共同发展中的作用。