Abstract

Cryoablation is a minimally invasive technique currently employed in breast cancer care, that uses freeze and thaw cycles to treat benign breast lesions, small breast cancers or focal sites of metastatic disease in patients not eligible for surgery. The final goal of this procedure is to destroy breast cancer cells using extreme cold. In addition, several studies have shown that this technique seems to have an enhancing effect on the immune response, especially by increasing the expression of tumor neoantigens specific to tumor cells, which are then attacked and destroyed. Exploiting this effect, cryoablation in combination with immunotherapy could be the key to treating early-stage breast cancers or patients who are unsuitable for surgery. According to some recent studies, there are other potential tools that could be used to enhance the therapeutic effect of cryoablation, such as FE3O4 nanoparticles or the manipulation of aquaporin expression. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the current evidence regarding the use, indications, advantages and disadvantages of cryoablation in the treatment of breast cancer.

中文翻译：

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冷冻消融治疗乳腺癌：免疫学影响和未来前景。乌托邦还是现实？

摘要

冷冻消融是目前用于乳腺癌护理的一种微创技术，它使用冷冻和解​​冻循环来治疗不适合手术的患者的良性乳腺病变、小乳腺癌或转移性疾病的病灶部位。该手术的最终目标是利用极冷的方式破坏乳腺癌细胞。此外，一些研究表明，这种技术似乎对免疫反应有增强作用，特别是通过增加肿瘤细胞特异的肿瘤新抗原的表达，然后攻击和破坏肿瘤细胞。利用这种效应，冷冻消融与免疫疗法相结合可能成为治疗早期乳腺癌或不适合手术的患者的关键。根据最近的一些研究，还有其他潜在的工具可用于增强冷冻消融的治疗效果，例如 FE3O4 纳米颗粒或水通道蛋白表达的操纵。本叙述性综述的目的是总结有关冷冻消融治疗乳腺癌的用途、适应症、优点和缺点的当前证据。