: Numerous purine-containing compounds have undergone extensive investigation for their medical efficacy across various diseases. The swift progress in purine-based medicinal chemistry has brought to light the therapeutic capabilities of purine-derived compounds in addressing challenging medical conditions. Defined by a heterocyclic ring comprising a pyrimidine ring linked with an imidazole ring, purine exhibits a diverse array of therapeutic attributes. This review systematically addresses the multifaceted potential of purine derivatives in combating various diseases, including their roles as anticancer agents, antiviral compounds (anti-herpes, anti-HIV, and anti-influenzae), autoimmune and anti-inflammatory agents, antihyperuricemic and anti-gout solutions, antimicrobial agents, antitubercular compounds, anti-leishmanial agents, and anticonvulsants. Emphasis is placed on the remarkable progress made in developing purine-based compounds, elucidating their significant target sites. The article provides a comprehensive exploration of developments in both natural and synthetic purines, offering insights into their role in managing a diverse range of illnesses. Additionally, the discussion delves into the structure-activity relationships and biological activities of the most promising purine molecules. The intriguing capabilities revealed by these purine-based scaffolds unequivocally position them at the forefront of drug candidate development. As such, this review holds potential significance for researchers actively involved in synthesizing purine-based drug candidates, providing a roadmap for the continued advancement of this promising field.

中文翻译：

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嘌呤衍生物作为药物发现的有前途的支架的最新进展和未来前景

：许多含嘌呤化合物的治疗功效已经过广泛研究。基于嘌呤的药物化学的快速进展揭示了嘌呤衍生化合物在解决具有挑战性的医疗状况方面的治疗能力。嘌呤由包含与咪唑环连接的嘧啶环的杂环定义，具有多种治疗特性。这篇综述系统地阐述了嘌呤衍生物在对抗各种疾病方面的多方面潜力，包括它们作为抗癌剂、抗病毒化合物（抗疱疹、抗艾滋病毒和抗流感）、自身免疫和抗炎剂、抗高尿酸血症和抗高尿酸血症的作用。痛风溶液、抗菌剂、抗结核化合物、抗利什曼病药物和抗惊厥药。重点是在开发基于嘌呤的化合物方面取得的显着进展，阐明了其重要的靶位点。本文对天然和合成嘌呤的发展进行了全面的探索，深入探讨了它们在治疗多种疾病中的作用。此外，讨论还深入研究了最有前途的嘌呤分子的结构-活性关系和生物活性。这些基于嘌呤的支架所揭示的令人着迷的功能，明确地将它们置于候选药物开发的前沿。因此，这篇综述对于积极参与合成基于嘌呤的候选药物的研究人员具有潜在的意义，为这一有前途的领域的持续发展提供了路线图。