Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, erbB1) has been observed in a wide range of solid tumors and has frequently been associated with poor prognosis. As a result, EGFR inhibition has become an attractive anticancer drug design strategy, and a large number of small molecular inhibitors have been developed. Despite the widespread clinical use of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), their drug resistance, inadequate accumulation in tumors, and severe side effects have spurred the search for better antitumor drugs. Metal complexes have attracted much attention because of their different mechanisms compared with EGFR-TKIs. Therefore, the combination of metals and inhibitors is a promising anticancer strategy. For example, Ru and Pt centers are introduced to design complexes with double or multiple targets, while Au complexes are combined with inhibitors to overcome drug resistance. Co complexes are designed as prodrugs with weak side effects and enhanced targeting by the hypoxia activation strategy, and other metals such as Rh and Fe enhance the anticancer effect of the complexes. In addition, the introduction of Ga center is beneficial to the development of nuclear imaging tracers. In this paper, metal EGFR-TKI complexes in the last 15 years are reviewed, their mechanisms are briefly introduced, and their advantages are summarized.

中文翻译：

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带有 EGFR 抑制配体的金属配合物作为有前途的抗癌剂

表皮生长因子受体（EGFR、erbB1）的过度表达已在多种实体瘤中观察到，并且常常与不良预后相关。因此，EGFR抑制已成为一种颇具吸引力的抗癌药物设计策略，大量小分子抑制剂已被开发出来。尽管EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKI）在临床上广泛使用，但其耐药性、在肿瘤中的蓄积不足以及严重的副作用促使人们寻找更好的抗肿瘤药物。金属配合物因其与EGFR-TKI不同的作用机制而备受关注。因此，金属和抑制剂的组合是一种有前途的抗癌策略。例如，引入Ru和Pt中心来设计具有双或多靶点的配合物，而Au配合物则与抑制剂结合以克服耐药性。Co配合物被设计为副作用较弱的前药，通过缺氧激活策略增强靶向性，而Rh和Fe等其他金属则增强了配合物的抗癌作用。此外，Ga中心的引入有利于核成像示踪剂的发展。本文对近15年来金属EGFR-TKI复合物的研究进展进行了综述，简要介绍了其作用机制，并总结了其优点。